2016年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級基礎語(yǔ)法知識：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

　　英語(yǔ)四六級考試中，單獨考察語(yǔ)法的題型不多，但是語(yǔ)法知識點(diǎn)卻貫穿整張試卷，小伙伴們，趁著(zhù)寒假，趕緊來(lái)打好基礎吧!下面是小編為大家整理的“大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級基礎語(yǔ)法知識”供備考使用。

　　非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

　　1)動(dòng)詞不定式——只能接不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：

　　decide, hope, learn, manage(打算), offer, prepare, agree, refuse, fail(未), pretend, happen(碰巧), promise, plan(打算，計劃)

　　a) 測試作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不定式帶補語(yǔ)的結構

　　這種結構的常用動(dòng)詞有：find、think、consider、make等，基本句型是： v. + it + adj + to do

　　[例]Do you consider wise to ignore him

　　A. it is

　　B. it to be

　　C. it as being

　　D. it

　　b) 不定式在svoc句型中的應用

　　解題的關(guān)鍵是記住帶不定式作賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，如：ask、tell、allow、enable、expect、get、require、request、cause、urge、want、force、order等。

　　[例]They don’t allow in the library, but they allow people in the restroom.

　　A. to smoketo smoke B. smokingsmoking C. to smokesmoking D. smokingto smoke

　　c) 不定式作定語(yǔ)的用法

　　(1)與其他非謂語(yǔ)形式或謂語(yǔ)形式的區別

　　[例]The question tomorrow is whether income tax should be increased.

　　A. to be debated

　　B. debates

　　C. debating

　　D. debated

　　(2)介詞的使用

　　[例]The boy’s father bought him a large toy train .

　　A. which to play with B. to play with it C. to play with　D. at which to play

　　d) 不定式的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)

　　不定式完成時(shí)表示不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，不定式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是其動(dòng)作的承受者，be soory、be glad、seem或say、find、hear、report等動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后加不定式完成時(shí)態(tài)較為常見(jiàn)。

　　[例1]The new power station is reported within three years.

　　A. to have completed

　　B. to have been　completed

　　C. having been completed

　　D. to complete

　　[例2]Mr. Johnson preferred heavier work to do.

　　A. to be given

　　B. to be giving C. to have given

　　D. having given

　　e) 不定式作狀語(yǔ)

　　[例1]The police inspector spoke to the little girl kindlt her.

　　A. not to frighten

　　B. in order to not frighten

　　C. so as not to frighten

　　D. so not as to frighten

　　[例2]He moved away from his parents, and missed　them_____ enjoy the exciting life in New York. A. too much to

　　B. enough to C. very much to

　　D. much so as to

　　2)動(dòng)名詞

　　a) 只能接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：

　　miss, mind, enjoy, suggest, practise, persist, quit, admit, appreciate, deny, escape, complete, fulfil, acknowledge, favour, delay, postpone, finish, avoid, prevent, recall, recollect, risk, consider

　　b) 只能接動(dòng)名詞的一些常用句型\結構： It’s no good/use/fun (in) doing sth

　　There is no need/point/use/sense (in) doing sth. be busy/be worth doing sth.

　　have difficulty/trouble/problem (in) doing sth

　　spend/waste time (in) doing sth can’t help doing sth

　　confess to, object to, be opposed to, look forward to, contribute to, be used to, be devoted to, be dedicated to, lead to, refer to, equal to, stick to, belong to, thanks to, be accustomed to doing sth

　　c) 既可接動(dòng)名詞又可接動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)的有：

　�、� 接動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)而意義差別不大的動(dòng)詞：love, like, dislike, hate, begin, start, continue, intend, prefer, propose, etc.

　�、� 可跟動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)但意義有差別的動(dòng)詞：歧義動(dòng)詞中已講。

　�、� need, want, require, deserve + 動(dòng)名詞/+不定式被動(dòng)態(tài)，表被動(dòng)意義。

　　The pencil needs sharpening.(to be sharpened)

　　[例1]Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy for her examination.

　　A. to prepare

　　B. preparing

　　C. to be prepared

　　D. being prepared

　　[例2]I appreciate to your home.

　　A. to be invited

　　B. to have invited

　　C. having invited

　　D. being invited

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