2017雅思口語(yǔ)第三部分的深入探討

　　導語(yǔ)：縱觀(guān)2017年的雅思口語(yǔ)考試，我們可以發(fā)現眾多精彩紛呈、甚至是驚心動(dòng)魄的考題或話(huà)題：有些成為考試頻率最高的主流話(huà)題;有些被列為最新的變化和趨勢;也有一些被許多考生以及雅思研究者視作高難考題—我們將會(huì )對此進(jìn)行案例剖析。

　　一、最in的口語(yǔ)話(huà)題

　　2017年最流行話(huà)題排行榜的第一名應當屬于談?wù)?ldquo;地點(diǎn)(place)”的，這一類(lèi)的考題不僅數量龐大、極為頻繁，而且正趨向多樣化。除了傳統的考題如hotel, garden, park, library, museum, city, your workplace以外，又出現了一些較為“另類(lèi)”的題目：swimming pool, a place that has good water resource, a place that has been polluted, a place that makes you happy, a place that you would like to introduce to your friends等等。不過(guò)萬(wàn)變不離其宗，我們對待這些特殊話(huà)題仍舊可以按照在某種程度上沿著(zhù)傳統話(huà)題的'回答思路去組織我們的語(yǔ)言。舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，在談?wù)揳 place that makes you happy的時(shí)候，你完全可以說(shuō)a museum that you enjoy very much;在講a place that has been polluted的時(shí)候，你又為何不能描述a park in your neighborhood that has become dirty呢?

　　排名第二的話(huà)題是關(guān)于“人物(people)”的，該大類(lèi)也呈現出同樣的多元化和越來(lái)越細化的特征。原來(lái)可能只需要你談an old person，現在卻要你講an interesting old person;原來(lái)只是描述a family member，現在可能要解釋how a family member influences you，種種情況不一而足。

　　最in的話(huà)題還包括“體育類(lèi)”(比如sport, game, physical activity, a sport you played when you were young等)、“事件類(lèi)”(比如family event, being late, an event that makes you happy, a recent change in your life等)、“媒體類(lèi)”(比如newspaper, magazine, book, an interesting piece of news, film, TV, performance, website等)、以及“休閑類(lèi)”(比如shop, shopping, café, tourist attraction, music, gifts, holiday等)。

　　二、新變化與新趨勢

　　在口語(yǔ)第三部分的深入探討中，我們注意到了一些最新的動(dòng)態(tài)。其中比較明顯的一個(gè)趨勢就是話(huà)題與話(huà)題的結合;換言之，考官會(huì )把兩個(gè)甚至兩個(gè)以上的話(huà)題放在一個(gè)問(wèn)題里面進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。請看下面的真實(shí)例子：

　　How would you convince an elderly person to learn to use the Internet if he had never used it before and was resistant to modern technology?

　　問(wèn)題相當長(cháng)，其中至少包含了modern technology , old people’s traditional ideas, computer illiteracy三個(gè)話(huà)題，可以說(shuō)是一道綜合性非常強的題目。類(lèi)似的例子還有：

　　Are companies responsible for constructing sporting facilities for their staff members?

　　很明顯，該題融合了corporate responsibility, sporting activity, employees’ benefits三個(gè)相關(guān)話(huà)題。

　　第二個(gè)變化是出題者開(kāi)始注重人類(lèi)生活中碰到的許多困境和難題，并對中國的現實(shí)發(fā)生了越來(lái)越濃厚的'興趣。這提醒我們在考前準備的時(shí)候，必須更多地去關(guān)心時(shí)事，特別是發(fā)生在中國的一些特大新聞、爭議性話(huà)題(如最近的“人肉搜索”)和人民群眾關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)問(wèn)題(如房?jì)r(jià)居高不下、股市萎靡不振)。2008年的這類(lèi)例子有：

　　In China, is the water people use now different from that in the past?

　　Should the Chinese government financially assist the preservation of traditional culture?

　　In the face of rising divorce rate in China, what measures do you think the government should take to consolidatefamilies?

　　三、難點(diǎn)案例分析

　　在深入探討部分，考官問(wèn)一些刁鉆、冷門(mén)、生僻話(huà)題的概率頗高，因此在2017年也出現了不少特難的案例。我就來(lái)舉一個(gè)例子給大家分析一下：

　　What is the culture of your country in treating guests? How has this culture changed in recent decades?

　　談?wù)揷ulture的話(huà)題一向都比較難，而講到中國人的待客之道(the Chinese culture of treating guests)，更是一個(gè)我們平時(shí)不太會(huì )去思考的話(huà)題。要把這個(gè)復雜問(wèn)題回答好，可以采取以下的兩個(gè)策略，以適應不同水平層次的考生：

　　一)、對于詞匯量較大、口語(yǔ)水平較高的考生，建議從courtesy這一概念出發(fā)，先提到the Chinese people have maintained the courtesy of treating guests as part of their traditional culture for thousands of years，再講一些social etiquette in China, such as brewing and offering tea for guests，最后談?wù)?the traditional courtesy of treating guests has declined in recent decades because of Western influences，這樣一氣呵成地講下來(lái)，可以把該話(huà)題說(shuō)深說(shuō)透。

　　二)、對于詞匯量較小、口語(yǔ)水平不高的考生，可以采取簡(jiǎn)約的`模糊路線(xiàn)，先大致講一講中國人的好客，用一些較為簡(jiǎn)單的表達形式，比如friendly, nice, warm-hearted等，然后從通俗的角度談一下Chinese people treat guests like their family members, 甚至可以搬出我們的一些俗語(yǔ)，比如a helpful neighbor is better than a relativeliving far away(遠親不如近鄰)，最后點(diǎn)到we don’t treat guests as well as we did in the past because everyone is so busy with making money這一殘酷的中國現實(shí)。

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