考研英語(yǔ)長(cháng)難句精析
1、Instead, we are treated to fine hypocriticalspectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radicalbooks who takes his meals in three star restaurants; the journalist advocatingparticipatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolledin private schools.
[譯文] 相反，我們目睹了比以前任何時(shí)候都多的虛偽景觀(guān)：美國物欲主義批評家在南安普頓擁有一幢避暑別墅，激進(jìn)圖書(shū)的出版商在三星級餐館就餐，倡導終生參與民主制的新聞?dòng)浾甙炎约旱淖优瓦M(jìn)私立學(xué)校。
[分析] 本句的主句是 we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles。非限定性的定語(yǔ)從句 (which now more than ever seem in ample supply)修飾 spectacles。冒號后面的成分是三個(gè)并列的名詞性短語(yǔ)，其核心詞分別是critic，publisher 和 journalist。spectacles 在文中意為“壯觀(guān)景象”，有一定的反諷意味。
2、This does not mean thatambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings,but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed.
[譯文] 這并不意味著(zhù)抱負已經(jīng)窮途末路，人們不再感覺(jué)到它對人們的激勵了；而只是說(shuō)明人們不再公開(kāi)地以它為榮，更不愿公開(kāi)地坦承了。
[分析] 這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，主干是 this does not mean，后面接了三個(gè)并列的` that 從句作 mean 的賓語(yǔ)。在第三個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中，it 指代 ambition，no longer openly honored 是插入語(yǔ)，作該從句的狀語(yǔ)。that people no longer feel its stirrings andpromptings 意思是 that people are no longer stirred and promptedby ambition。
3、The attacks on ambition aremany and come from various angles; its public defenders are few andunimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive.
[譯文] 對抱負的攻擊非常之多，而且觀(guān)點(diǎn)不盡相同；公開(kāi)為之辯解的則少之又少，而且并不為人注意，盡管他們并非一點(diǎn)吸引力也沒(méi)有。
[分析] 此句是用分號隔開(kāi)的兩個(gè)并列句，后面的一個(gè)分句中有一個(gè) where 引導的定語(yǔ)從句，從整體上來(lái)修飾 its public defenders，只不過(guò)先行詞用了 where。
4、Theastonishing distrust of the news media isn' t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorialskills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and theirreaders.
[譯文] 對新聞媒介這種令人震驚的不信任，其根源并非是報道失實(shí)或低下的報道技巧，而是記者與讀者的世界觀(guān)每天都發(fā)生著(zhù)碰撞。
[分析] 本句的主干是一個(gè) not…but… 結構。注意這個(gè)結構引導的是兩個(gè)方式狀語(yǔ)。其核心詞分別是inaccuracy 和 the daily clash。本句的主干是 The astonishing distrust of the news media isn' t rooted。 兩個(gè)分詞短語(yǔ)充當句子的狀語(yǔ)。
5、Luckily , if the doormat orstove failed to warn of coming disaster , a successful lawsuit might compensateyou for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, whenjuries began holding more companies liable for their customers' misfortunes.
[譯文] 幸好，如果門(mén)墊和爐子忘了提醒你可能的危險，一切成功的訴訟就會(huì )賠償人的損失。大約從20 世紀 80 年代初開(kāi)始，陪審員開(kāi)始越來(lái)越多的裁定公司必須為其顧客的不幸負責。
[分析] 句子本身并不復雜， 兩個(gè)句子表達了人們的想法。在第一個(gè)句子中， if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster 是指門(mén)墊或爐灶沒(méi)有警示語(yǔ)。在第二個(gè)句子中，or so the thinking has gone 是一個(gè)倒裝結構，正常的語(yǔ)序應該是 orthe thinking has gone so(或者說(shuō)人們是這么想的)。
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