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英語(yǔ)的平行結構詳解
英語(yǔ)平行結構是指連接兩個(gè)或以上對等的詞和對等的結構，想要學(xué)好英語(yǔ)怎么能不知道平行結構的用法呢?下面就讓小編為大家詳解一下吧。
英語(yǔ)平行結構詳解
一、連詞連接兩個(gè)對等的詞和對等的結構并列連詞
�。╝nd, but, as well as, or, or else, both … and, neither … nor, either … or, not only … but (also）rather than等以及從屬連詞than可連接兩個(gè)對等的詞和對等的結構。
1.所連接的謂語(yǔ)形式必須一致
例1：He went downtown, bought some books and visited his daughter.
例2：Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but not used in warfare until two hundred years later.
2.所連接的詞或短語(yǔ)形式必須一致
例1：Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in
class.
例2：We often go to the countryside as well as to factories.
例3：I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here.
3.連接的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式必須一致
例1：Some find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.
例2：He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.
4.所連接的句子結構必須一致
例1：She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told him.
例2：The purpose of the research had a more different meaning for them than it did for us.
二、某些特定的固定結構。例如：
1、有些詞后要用平行結構。例如：
prefer sth to sth
prefer doing sth to doing sth
prefer to do sth rather than do sth
�。�1）I prefer rice to noodles.
�。�2）I prefer watching TV to listening to music.
�。�3）He preferred to die rather than surrender.
2、有些結構中要用平行結構。例如：
would ， had rather ， sooner do something than do something, would， had as soon do something as do something
(寧可……也不……)
�。�1）Liu Hulan said she had rather die than give up.
�。�2） I would as soon stay at home as go.
三、部分強調句
要強調句子的某一部分，可以把句子的結構改變一下，通常有兩種表示強調的句式：It is / was … that …結構和What … is was…結構。
一、It is， was … that … 結構
1.It is，was … that … 結構可以用來(lái)強調句子中幾乎任何部分
例1：It was my mother that threw an egg at Mr. Li yesterday.
例2：It was Mr. Li that my mother threw an egg at yesterday.
2.被強調的部分指人時(shí)，可用who枵whom
強調主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果指的是人， 可以不用that而用who來(lái)代替。強調賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果指點(diǎn)的是人，可用whom.例如：
�。�1）It was the dean who walked by.
�。�2）It was Mary whom the old lady missed most.
3被強調部分指物時(shí)，要用that
例如：It was an egg that my mother threw at Mr. Li yesterday.
4.被強調部分是狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，也只能用that，不能用when或where.
例1：It is during his spare time that John has been studying a course in French.
例2：It was in the hall that the mayor held the press conference.
5.不能用It is / was … that 結構強調動(dòng)詞
強調動(dòng)詞常用do,過(guò)去式用did.例如：
�。�1） They did study very hard yesterday.
�。�2）He does look forward to making the acquaintance of her.
What … is / was … 結構
二、What … is / was … 結構常用來(lái)強調主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，在這種結構中，is/ was后面是強調的部分。例如：
�。�1）What hurts is my left leg.
�。�2）What I like is her style.
英語(yǔ)句型結構知識點(diǎn)“復合句”詳解
復合句
復合句(Complex Sentence)由一個(gè)主句(Principal Clause)和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句(Subordinate Clause)構成。
主句是全句的主體，通�？梢元毩⒋嬖�;從句則是一個(gè)句子成分，不能獨立存在。
從句不能單獨成句，但它也有主語(yǔ)部分和謂語(yǔ)部分，就像一個(gè)句子一樣。所不同在于，從句須由一個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞(connective)引導。
賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)法意義及結構
語(yǔ)法意義：
賓語(yǔ)從句在復合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句通常由連詞(that, whether, if)、連接代詞(which, what, who, whose, whom)或連接副詞(where, how, when, why)等引導。及物動(dòng)詞、介詞或某些系表結構后可帶賓語(yǔ)從句。
句型結構：
主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+引導詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(+其他成分)
結果狀語(yǔ)從句
連詞有：so … that, such … that
(1) so...that"如此……以致"，that在非正式文體中可以省略，so后面接形容詞或副詞。如：
She spoke __________ fast ___________ nobody could catch what she was saying.
她說(shuō)話(huà)如此之快竟沒(méi)有人聽(tīng)出來(lái)她在講什么。
There is _________ little time left _________ I have to tell you about it later.
現在剩下的時(shí)間不多了，我只好以后再給你講這件事。
(2) such...that"如此……以致",
具體內 容是：
�、賡uch +形容詞+名詞+that從句。其中的名詞可以是可數名詞的單數或復數，也可以是不可數名詞。
�、� such +a/an+形容詞+單數名詞+that從句,可換成so+形容詞+a/an+單數名詞+that從句。如：
The Japanese student made _________ rapid progress __________ he soon began to write article in Chinese.
那個(gè)日本留學(xué)生進(jìn)步很快，不久就開(kāi)始用中文寫(xiě)文章了。
The professor told us __________________________ all the students laughed.
=___________________________________________________________________________.
教授講了個(gè)很有趣的故事，(以致于)所有的學(xué)生都笑了起來(lái)。
She is _________ beautiful __________ everyone likes her.
= ___________________________________________________________________________.
英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句知識點(diǎn)：限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
1.二者差異比較
限制定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞，同先行詞這間一般不加逗號，僅修飾先行詞，可以由關(guān)系代詞.關(guān)系副詞或that來(lái)引導。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句僅作補充或說(shuō)明，用逗號與主句隔開(kāi)，既可修飾先行詞，又可修飾整個(gè)主句，不可用that引導。
2.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇依據
弄清代替先行詞的關(guān)系詞在從句中作什么成分,作狀語(yǔ)的應選用關(guān)系副詞，作主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)的可選用關(guān)系代詞。
3. 先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句隔離
定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間有時(shí)也會(huì )插入別的成分，構成先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句的隔離。例如：
�。�1） This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about.
�。�2） He was the only person in this country who was invited.
初中英語(yǔ)知識點(diǎn)總結：
1. Why don’t you do sth.?
2. make sb. Happy
3. borrow sth. from sb.
4. forget to do sth.
5. pay fro sth.
6. return sth. To sb.
7. learn sth. from sb.
8. be famous for sth.
9. No matter what…
10. be with sb.
11. go on doing sth.
12. speak highly of sb.
13. keep doing sth.
14. allow sb. To do sth.
15. encourage sb. to do sth.
16. It is said that…
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