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如何增加英語(yǔ)詞匯量
不管是英語(yǔ)或其他語(yǔ)言，要想增加詞匯量就需要付出努力。將新詞寫(xiě)成一張長(cháng)長(cháng)的清單并不是一種提高詞匯量的有效方式。本文中介紹的技巧會(huì )幫助你擴大詞匯量，但你自己也需要投身其中，研究和擴大詞匯量。
There are many ways to improve your vocabulary. When working to improve your vocabulary it's important to know your goals in order to best choose the way in which you want to learn.
擴大詞匯量有許多種方式。當你在試圖改善詞匯水平時(shí)，為了選擇最適合你的學(xué)習方式，你就得明確你的目標。
Reading can be a great way to improve your vocabulary. However, it won't be much help on a vocabulary test next week. Here are a number of methods to help you improve, and expand, your English vocabulary.
閱讀是一種提高詞匯量的好方法。但是，它的效果不是立竿見(jiàn)影的。下面我們介紹多種方法，來(lái)幫助你改善并擴大英語(yǔ)詞匯量。
1. Vocabulary Trees
詞匯樹(shù)
Vocabulary trees help provide context. Once you've mapped out a few vocabulary trees, you'll discover yourself thinking in vocabulary groups. When you see a cup your mind will quickly relate such words as knife, fork, plate, dishes, etc.
詞匯樹(shù)可以為你提供一個(gè)語(yǔ)境。當你繪制出詞匯樹(shù)時(shí)，你會(huì )發(fā)現自己開(kāi)始對詞匯群進(jìn)行思考。當你看見(jiàn)一個(gè)杯子時(shí)，腦海中就會(huì )很快想到相關(guān)詞語(yǔ)，如knife(小刀)，fork(叉子)，plate(碟子)，dishes(餐具)等詞。
2. Create Vocabulary Themes
創(chuàng )造詞匯主題
Create a list of vocabulary themes, include the vocabulary, a definition and an example sentence for each new item.
列出一個(gè)詞匯主題的列表，包括詞匯、定義以及每個(gè)詞語(yǔ)對應的例子。
3. Use Technology to Help You
利用科技
Watching DVDs is a great way to help you understand native speakers of English. Using all the fancy optionswatching individual scenes can help make DVD use into a vocabulary learning exercise.
看DVD是一個(gè)幫助你聽(tīng)懂英語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)者說(shuō)話(huà)的好方法。精心選擇一些單獨的場(chǎng)景，可以幫助你將觀(guān)看DVD作為一種練習詞匯的方式。
4. Specific Vocabulary Lists
專(zhuān)門(mén)的詞匯列表
Rather than studying a long list of unrelated vocabulary, use specific vocabulary lists to help you prepare for the type of vocabulary you need for work, school or hobbies.
比起將不相關(guān)的詞匯做成一張長(cháng)長(cháng)的列表來(lái)學(xué)習，專(zhuān)門(mén)的詞匯列表可以幫助你對工作、學(xué)習或愛(ài)好中所需的詞匯進(jìn)行針對性的準備。
5. Word Formation Charts
構詞表
Word formation is one of the keys to success for advanced level ESL learners. Advanced level English exams such as the TOEFL, First Certificate CAE and Proficiency use word formation as one of the key testing elements.
構詞法是高級ESL(非英語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)課程)學(xué)習者取得成效的重要方法之一。一些高級英語(yǔ)考試，如托福、英語(yǔ)證書(shū)考試都將構詞法列入重要考點(diǎn)。
6. Visual Dictionaries
圖解詞典
A picture is worth a thousand words. It's also very helpful for learning precise vocabulary. There are a number of excellent English learner visual dictionaries for sale.
一幅圖相當于一千個(gè)詞語(yǔ)。這對準確詞匯頁(yè)十分有用。市面上也有許多優(yōu)質(zhì)的圖解詞典供英語(yǔ)學(xué)習者使用。
7. Learn Collocations
學(xué)會(huì )搭配
Collocations refer to words that often or always go together. A good example of a collocation is to do your homework.
搭配指的是經(jīng)常一起出現的詞語(yǔ)。舉一個(gè)典型的例子：to do your homework
8. Use a Corpus
使用語(yǔ)料庫
Corpora are huge collections of documents that can track the number of times a word is used. By using a corpora, you can find which words are often used together with target vocabulary words. Combining corpora use with vocabulary trees is a great way to learn key vocabulary for specific vocabulary target areas. You can get started by visiting the British National Corpus.
語(yǔ)料庫是一個(gè)大量文件的集合，可以讓你發(fā)現一個(gè)詞語(yǔ)使用的次數。通過(guò)使用語(yǔ)料庫，你可以發(fā)現一些經(jīng)常與目標詞匯使用的詞語(yǔ)。將語(yǔ)料庫和詞匯樹(shù)結合起來(lái)使用，是學(xué)習目標領(lǐng)域專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯的好方法。你可以訪(fǎng)問(wèn)從British National Corpus開(kāi)始。
Tips:
建議
1. Use vocabulary learning methods to focus quickly on the vocabulary YOU need to study.
使用詞匯學(xué)習方法，來(lái)幫助你快速將精力集中到需要學(xué)習的詞匯上。
2. Don't make random lists of new words. Try to group words in themes. This will help you memorize new words more quickly.
不要毫無(wú)章法地創(chuàng )建新詞列表。將它們按照主題進(jìn)行分組。這樣就可以幫助你更快地記住新詞。
3. If you have the time, and even if you think you don't have the time, try to add context. Writing a few example sentences using new vocabulary will help you remember the words in context.
如果你有時(shí)間，或者即使你沒(méi)有時(shí)間，都要為自己創(chuàng )造一個(gè)語(yǔ)境。用新詞語(yǔ)寫(xiě)幾個(gè)例句，可以幫助你在語(yǔ)境中記住詞語(yǔ)。
4. Keep a vocabulary notepad at hand whenever you are reading in English.
不管什么時(shí)候進(jìn)行英語(yǔ)閱讀，都要在手頭準備一個(gè)筆記本。
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