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【優(yōu)選】托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典1
The most important leadership quality for CEOS?
For CEOs, creativity is now the most important leadership quality for success in business, outweighing even integrity and global thinking, according to a new study by IBM. The study is the largest known sample of one-on-one CEO interviews, with over 1,500 corporate heads and public sector leaders across 60 nations and 33 industries polled on what drives them in managing their companies in today's world.
Steven Tomasco, a manager at IBM Global Business Services, expressed surprise at this key finding, saying that it is "very interesting that coming off the worst economic conditions they'd ever seen, [CEOs] didn't fall back on management discipline, existing best practices, rigor, or operations. In fact, they [did] just the opposite."
About 60% of CEOs polled cited creativity as the most important leadership quality, compared with 52% for integrity and 35% for global thinking. Creative leaders are also more prepared to break with the status quo of industry, enterprise and revenue models, and they are 81% more likely to rate innovation as a "crucial capability."
Other key findings showed a large disparity between views of North American CEOs and those from other territories.
For example, in North America, 65% of CEOs think integrity is a top quality for tomorrow's leaders, whereas only 29-48% of CEOs in other territories view it as such.
Ironically, while company leaders in North America will bring more integrity to the job, they also expect far more regulation than foreign heads — both presumably reactions to negative public perception and heavy government intervention following the recession. A full 87% anticipate greater government oversight and regulation over the next five years — only 70% of CEOs in Europe hold this opinion, and 50% and 53% in Japan and China, respectively. Meanwhile, nearly double the amount of CEOs in China view global thinking as a top leadership quality, compared with Europe and North America.
The area of focus the regions can all agree on is customer focus: 88% of all CEOs, and an astounding 95% of standout leaders, believe getting closer to the customer is the top business strategy over the next five years.
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典2
接下來(lái)是托福寫(xiě)作中的語(yǔ)言問(wèn)題。其實(shí)托福寫(xiě)作中對語(yǔ)言并不是特別重視，因為雖然新托福是語(yǔ)言考試，但是在寫(xiě)作這一塊，考官并不太在意考生使用的詞匯有多高難度、句式有多復雜，這就是新托福寫(xiě)作和雅思寫(xiě)作的差異。美國人在意的是你寫(xiě)出來(lái)的文章能不能讓他看明白，邏輯通不通。當然，雖然不要求語(yǔ)言的復雜性，語(yǔ)言的多樣性還是有要求的。詞匯上來(lái)說(shuō)，要注意不重復用詞，那么考生平時(shí)需要積累常用的'替換詞。句型來(lái)說(shuō)，更為簡(jiǎn)單，因為英文中的句式也就那么多種，考生只需要把每一種句子的形式整理一下，考試時(shí)有意識地安排進(jìn)文章即可。語(yǔ)言這一塊對于英語(yǔ)功底還可以的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)絕對是沒(méi)有問(wèn)題的。
關(guān)于托福獨立寫(xiě)作中素材和語(yǔ)言的一些備考經(jīng)驗就為大家分享到這里，如果你也有類(lèi)似本文中考生的擔心憂(yōu)慮，那就不妨參考一下上述內容，相信會(huì )找到一些啟發(fā)和靈感。
托�？荚囎魑姆独浩髽I(yè)的目標是賺取利潤
托�？荚囎魑念}目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Businesses should do anything they can to make a profit. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.
托�？荚囎魑膮⒖迹�
任何企業(yè)團體作為社會(huì )的組成部分，有責任考慮到整個(gè)社會(huì )的利益，所以不能為所欲為，強調法制的必要性。
托�？荚囎魑姆段模�
Nowadays, merchants tend to strive for remaining in existence by all means due to the extensive competition and burdensome pressures. However, I am always amazed when I hear that it is necessary for businessman to do anything possible to make a profit. It may be as highly laudable and exemplary a thing as it is held to be by those who are addicted to money.
Apparently, I strongly object to it due to various factors that weigh heavily against the notion. The foremost reason is that merchants would be rewarded by nothing but distrust and even hatred from the customers if they hardly care about anything but money. It is widely known that nothing can be compared with the good reputation of a company, which attracts more upright and loyal customers. Suppose we are facing the dilemma of which brand of shampoo to purchase. It is of no surprise if you decide to take the one produced by P&G or other reputable large companies. As a result, what assures the buyers most is the credit of the service suppliers?
Another subtle explanation for my point of view rests on the fact that various appalling results would in some cases, be caused by the immoral and even illegal businesses. It is decent to make profits and receive the repayment of diligent work and continuous efforts. Nevertheless, producing unqualified or even rious commodities, which possibly lead to detriments of people"s health or security, is never the sensible method to operate a company. What impressed me most is the tragedy happened several months ago in some part of China. Hundreds of infants died because of the nonnutritive milk powders produced by some merchantmen without ethics. Therefore, it is never too rigid to denounce the immoral and irresponsible behavior. The third point I would like to mention is that the merchants themselves would not be reassured to enjoy the property acquired in improper ways.
In most cases, it is the essential satisfaction of benefiting the public, rather than the material items, which inspires people profoundly. What a pleasant thing it would be to receive repayment of your diligent work and continuous efforts! On the contrary, few people would go into rapture even if they possess a mass of wealth earned through indecent ways. Thus, only by obeying commercial disciplines could a businessman obtain supreme success and maximum pleasure.
Taking into all the reasons above into account, it is barely too arbitrary to conclude that only by descent and good Intentioned business activities could a company achieve respectable and decent success
托�？荚囎魑姆独翰煌�(lèi)型電影的價(jià)值判斷
托�？荚囎魑念}目：
Some movies are serious, designed to make the audience think. Other movies are designed primarily to amuse and entertain. Which type of movie do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
托�？荚囎魑膮⒖挤治觯�
分兩個(gè)段落討論兩種電影，說(shuō)明這兩種電影都有他們的價(jià)值，都值得觀(guān)賞。最后一段說(shuō)在不同的心情下，有著(zhù)不同的選擇。
托�？荚囎魑姆段模�
It makes me sensitively to think of Hollywood place where movies were first made before World War I. In those days, Hollywood movie was like a magnet, drawing ambitious young men and women from all over the world.
Up till now, there is nothing that can substitute the position of movies that is the most efficient way to relax us. I prefer movies designed to make the audience think. As far as I know, most movies are supposed to be made from the source material that mirrors a part of the social events. That means there is another methods to force us to think about what we have done for our country, what is our responsibility in the society and so on. In fact what kind of information we need can be gain from different media including television, the Internet, radio, newspapers, especially from some movies.
Tracing back to my childhood, I like watching the first work directed by Alfred Hitchcock, Rebecca. So young though I was, it did make me sunk into contemplation. Not only did the plot make me a little confused, but also it really told me the truth that whoever is right or wrong, no one can live in the shadowy place and everyone must live his or her own live, enjoy the sunshine belonging to their own.
A movie worthy thinking about should conquer everything, including one"s heart, which never fade with time going by, even be possible to change our lives. Here I cannot help siding with the other view; however it does not mean that we should totally ignore it, this is not a matter of making an “either-or” judgment. What we want to clarify here is what is primary and what is secondary.
If permits, a movie primarily designed to make audience think add some amusement and entertainment, just like tasting a cup of cappuccino.
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典3
1.托福獨立寫(xiě)作得5分情況
An essay at this level largely accomplishes all of the following:
●Effectively addresses the topic and task
●Is well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and/or details
●Displays unity, progression, and coherence
●Displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety, appropriate word choice, and idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors
2.托福獨立寫(xiě)作得4分情況
An essay at this level largely accomplishes all of the following:
●Addresses the topic and task well, though some points may not be fully elaborated
●Is generally well organized and well developed, using appropriate and sufficient explanations, exemplifi-cations, and/or details
●Displays unity, progression, and coherence, though it may contain occasional redundancy, digression, or unclear connections
●Displays facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety and range of vocabulary, though it will probably have occasional noticeable minor errors in structure, word form, or use of idiom-atic language that do not interfere with meaning
3.托福獨立寫(xiě)作得3分情況
An essay at this level is marked by one or more of the following:
●Addresses the topic and task using somewhat developed explanations, exemplifications, and/or details
●Displays unity, progression, and coherence, though connection of ideas may be occasionally obscured
●May demonstrate inconsistent facility in sentence formation and word choice that may result in lack of clarity and occasionally obscure meaning
●May display accurate, but limited range of syntactic structures and vocabulary
4.托福獨立寫(xiě)作得2分情況
An essay at this level may reveal one or more of the following weaknesses:
● Limited development in response to the topic and task
●Inadequate organization or connection of ideas
●Inappropriate or insufficient exemplifications, explanations, or details to support or illustrate generaliza-tions in response to the task
●A noticeably inappropriate choice of words or word forms
●An accumulation of errors in sentence structure and/or usage
5.托福獨立寫(xiě)作得1分情況
An essay at this level is seriously flawed by one or more of the following weaknesses:
●Serious disorganization or underdevelopment
●Little or no detail, or irrelevant specifics, or questionable responsiveness to the task
●Serious and frequent errors in sentence structure or usage
6.托福獨立寫(xiě)作得0分情況
An essay at this level merely copies words from the topic, rejects the topic, or is otherwise not con-nected to the topic, is written in a foreign language, consists of keystroke characters, or is blank.
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典4
大多數托福獨立寫(xiě)作prompts都非常簡(jiǎn)短，沒(méi)有任何相關(guān)背景或語(yǔ)境給出，同學(xué)們在解題時(shí)也很容易泛泛而談，難以打開(kāi)思路或無(wú)法給出具體例證：
Your community has a piece of land and is considering introducing a business to this land. Which business would you prefer? a. a shopping mall b. a performing art center c. a hotel.
此類(lèi)題目許多同學(xué)若選擇 performing art center 可能會(huì )談到藝術(shù)的重要性，好處(修身養性，開(kāi)闊視野，social)，以及 art center對自己社區居民的好處(如放松休閑)，但往往無(wú)法給出具體例證或易于表達的例證和細節，亦或是無(wú)法從其它角度給出 reasons。若是選擇 shopping mall, 許多同學(xué)更是除了convenient 外就再難從其它角度給出reasons. 此處不妨談?wù)?your community 的情況，是在何種context里的一個(gè) community? 1) Your community 是否已有shopping mall? art center? hotel? 有多少個(gè)?是否還需要? 2) Your community 是否有于題目相關(guān)的features?周邊情況?
1 Shopping Mall
此題若選 shopping mall，可給出背景如： my community 已有6個(gè)hotels，3個(gè)performance arts centers ，卻并沒(méi)有shopping mall. 接下來(lái)例證細節可詳細吐槽無(wú)shopping mall帶來(lái)的不便。
第二個(gè)論點(diǎn)若一時(shí)無(wú)別的idea可寫(xiě)也沒(méi)關(guān)系，可直接在上個(gè)論點(diǎn)基礎上擴展，再從hotels和arts centers這兩處吐槽: 6個(gè)hotels，3個(gè)arts centers常年都沒(méi)有被充分利用 (those hotels and performance arts centers were not fully used)， 有的`hotels甚至都要倒閉了。顯然再建hotels之類(lèi)的是無(wú)用 (will be useless/ will be of no use)且費錢(qián)的。
2 Hotel
Likewise, 若選hotel，可給出背景如： my community is right next to a national park，然而卻只有一個(gè)hotel且常常爆滿(mǎn)，facilities也out-of-date，七八個(gè)shopping malls卻沒(méi)人逛，三個(gè)art centers也沒(méi)能得到充分使用 。
注意此處context的構建要考慮所需支持的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，去national park的游客大多都需要hotel，但對七八個(gè)shopping malls的需求量則不大 (不至于大多都要瘋狂掃貨，愛(ài)馬仕勞力士什么的買(mǎi)一堆)，因而可支持get one more hotel rather than shopping mall.
此處若將national park改為Disney park可能就不夠convincing了(參考香港Disney為例，旁邊一站就是東薈城CityGate，大家懂的)。
3 Art Centre
若選art center，可給出背景： my community is right next to three art universities，然而卻沒(méi)有一個(gè)art center。學(xué)生演出不方便需驅車(chē)去別的城市。另外，若 build an art center，也可以create more job opportunities給這些學(xué)校的students.
此類(lèi)極端虛構法在很多別的類(lèi)似題目(幾乎所有選擇類(lèi)題目)上也適用，解題快準狠，希望大家可以做到舉一反三：
The government needs to decrease its annual budget due to the global financial crisis, which one aspect below do you think the government should focus more of its limited budgets on? a. education b. health care c. support for unemployed.
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典5
對于托福獨立寫(xiě)作來(lái)說(shuō)，雖然模式簡(jiǎn)單，但是需要清晰的論點(diǎn)，明確的論點(diǎn)。所以，對于我們的邏輯思維也是一種考驗。在托福寫(xiě)作中，我們如果我們想要獲取高分，想要讓自己的托福內容言之有物，最為重要的就是確立好自己的論點(diǎn)。下面我們就為大家詳細介紹一下在托福寫(xiě)作中該如何確立自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。
1，要與論題相匹配。論題問(wèn)的既然是提高生活質(zhì)量與否，一些無(wú)關(guān)緊要的改變就應該棄之不用，比如烹調時(shí)間縮短這一項改變，是事實(shí)，且未對生活質(zhì)量有直接明顯影響，就應該避免用作主要論點(diǎn)。
2，要能言之有物。這是再功利不過(guò)的一條標準。比如我自己提到了食物準備時(shí)間縮短能讓人性情改變，破題時(shí)覺(jué)得不無(wú)可能，真落筆時(shí)卻不知道由何說(shuō)起，如果選了這一條為一個(gè)主要論點(diǎn)，結果是我說(shuō)了一句話(huà)就走人，那還不如選個(gè)能下筆，能展示語(yǔ)言功底，也能顯示思維縝密的寫(xiě)作方向。
3，選擇的'無(wú)論是2個(gè)還是3個(gè)論點(diǎn)，內在一定要有聯(lián)系。這其實(shí)是整個(gè)立意階段的重頭。要立意，就是要明白自己表達的對象是什么，明確立場(chǎng)。然后站在這個(gè)立場(chǎng)上，挑選支持自己的論點(diǎn)。
托福寫(xiě)作破題結束后，第二要做的重要事項便是整理托福行文寫(xiě)作思路。破題過(guò)程其實(shí)是個(gè)發(fā)散思維的過(guò)程，而立意，則是要把思維收回來(lái)，組織化，理清它的脈絡(luò )紋路，讓他們按照自認為最有說(shuō)服力的順序排列好，準備落于紙上的過(guò)程。這個(gè)說(shuō)服力的強弱，應該以什么標準判斷呢?筆者認為，能說(shuō)服讀者的議論，在論點(diǎn)選擇上應該遵循一個(gè)原則：
三個(gè)(或者兩個(gè))論點(diǎn)不能在層面上有交叉，但要符合一條明線(xiàn)：支持全文觀(guān)點(diǎn)。而最打動(dòng)讀者的論點(diǎn)選擇，不僅遵循上面的原則，三個(gè)看似不交叉的論點(diǎn)間還有一條暗線(xiàn)貫穿一致。令全文渾然天成，回味無(wú)窮。
立意的地一步，按照上面的原則看，當然是先確定觀(guān)點(diǎn)。以題目為例，筆者愿意選擇否，食物易于準備降低了人們的生活質(zhì)量。第一步踏出去了。
確定觀(guān)點(diǎn)后，破題時(shí)得到的思維方向，明顯不利于我的就應該排除。比如營(yíng)養價(jià)值改變這一條，雖然速食文化的確對人體有害，但另一項速食：生疏和熟粗糧，就是向有益方向改變的，兩者勢均力敵，僅管是很容易想到，也很容易舉例論證的論點(diǎn)，卻不宜使用，因為如此貿然用了，有思維不縝密之嫌。然而，這畢竟是一塊好啃的骨頭，如果其他論點(diǎn)都不好論證，還可以回頭撿起這一條來(lái)，隱去健康速食那個(gè)事實(shí)進(jìn)行作文，當然，這依然是下下之選。
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典6
托福的寫(xiě)作部分歷來(lái)是中國考生的強項。正因如此，在寫(xiě)作部分，備考托福想拿高分的同學(xué)們更是不能掉以輕心。在托福獨立寫(xiě)作中，想要清晰的確立文章的思路內容和主題，最為關(guān)鍵的就是如何寫(xiě)好他的開(kāi)頭。在文章開(kāi)頭的部分，我們又該關(guān)注到哪些問(wèn)題呢？今天結合實(shí)例著(zhù)重介紹托福獨立寫(xiě)作兩步四句開(kāi)篇法，希望能為大家的托福寫(xiě)作帶來(lái)幫助。
一般來(lái)說(shuō)，開(kāi)篇段落的寫(xiě)作可分為兩大步驟：
第一步就是用簡(jiǎn)潔明了的句子對原題目的意思進(jìn)行同義替換；
第二步是提出自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。
這兩大步驟細化起來(lái)可以概括為四句話(huà)：
第一句，采用同義替換的方式對原題目的意思進(jìn)行更改，當然是“形變神不變”；
第二句，對題目的意思進(jìn)行解釋?zhuān)?/p>
第三句，提出自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)；
第四句，概括自己所提出觀(guān)點(diǎn)的理由，引起下文。
下面結合一些比較容易出錯的題目來(lái)解釋“兩大步，四個(gè)句子”的具體運用方法。
案例1：誤解原意思。
Do you agree or disagree: Because people are busy with doing so many things, they can do few things well?
Original：
Some people may hold the view that they are able to do things well even if they are busy with doing so many things simultaneously or during a given period. Although plausible at the first glance, I disagree with the statement. Depending on my own personal experience and personality, I firmly maintain that people can do few things well when they are busy with doing so many things. My arguments of this opinion are listed as follows.
解析：
文章第一句話(huà)不是對原題目意思進(jìn)行解釋?zhuān)遣捎貌扇×撕驮馑枷喾吹淖龇▉?lái)進(jìn)行題目詮釋?zhuān)坏诙浔砻髯约簩φ`解題目的觀(guān)點(diǎn)；第三句話(huà)對自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行近一步的`解釋?zhuān)坏谒木湟粋�(gè)過(guò)渡性的句子。開(kāi)篇內容安排倒是很好，但是作者犯了誤解原題目意思的錯誤導致后面整個(gè)文字都做了無(wú)用功。
Revised:
When people are engaged in a large extent of work simultaneously, they will not be able to perform all of them perfectly. Just imagine how terrible it will be: too many jobs need to be done by the same person in a given time. Once such a picture appears in my mind, I feel dizzy. To me, it is impossible to do everything well with the limited energy and many others factors .Therefore , I agree with the statement too many things to be done at the same time cause few to be well done . The reasons are as follow.
第一句話(huà)對原題目意思進(jìn)行了很好的詮釋?zhuān)坏诙�、三句�?huà)進(jìn)一步解釋原題目；第四句話(huà)提出自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)；第五句話(huà)過(guò)渡性句子引起下文。
案例2 ：語(yǔ)言羅嗦，繞彎子給出自己觀(guān)點(diǎn)，浪費時(shí)間。
Some young adults want independence from their parents as soon as possible. Other young adults prefer to live with their families for a longer time. Which of these situations do you think is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
Original：
With the development of science and technology, people’s living standard has been improving day by day. According to the family plan, one couple could have only one child. So child becomes the center of the whole family. Some of them are even spoiled. Therefore, I think it is better if the young adult could live independent from their parents as soon as possible.
解析：
這個(gè)開(kāi)頭看似沒(méi)有任何問(wèn)題，但是仔細分析就會(huì )發(fā)現很多問(wèn)題。首先，作者繞了個(gè)大彎才給出自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。其次，觀(guān)點(diǎn)是對原題目的抄寫(xiě)，改動(dòng)的比較少。最后，開(kāi)篇缺少引起下文的過(guò)渡句。更大的錯誤是這個(gè)開(kāi)頭更像是一個(gè)全文主要觀(guān)點(diǎn)的一個(gè)分論點(diǎn)。
Revised:
As we all know, some young adults have the sense of independence in a special period so that they want to choose to live apart from their family, while others still choose to stay with parents in the family. Family can provide young adults a warm bay where he or she could turn to whenever any problems arise. However, considering the sound development of the young adult both mentally and physically, I think to live independently the earlier, the better. Independence is a lesson that each of us must face one day. The detailed reasons are listed below.
解析：
第一句話(huà)詮釋原題目意思；句話(huà)進(jìn)一步解釋第一句話(huà)；第三句話(huà)提出自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)；第四句話(huà)解釋自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，引出下文。
通過(guò)以上的范例，同學(xué)可能對這個(gè)方法有了或多或少的理解。還希望同學(xué)們通過(guò)真題演練，更好的掌握這個(gè)技巧。
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典7
新托�？荚嚨淖詈笠徊糠质菍�(xiě)作，要求考生寫(xiě)2篇文章，第一篇叫做綜合寫(xiě)作(Integrated writing)，讓考生用3分鐘時(shí)間先讀一篇約250字的文章，然后聽(tīng)一段2分鐘關(guān)于對所讀內容的評論。再讓考生寫(xiě)一篇150到225個(gè)字的文章。這篇文章的寫(xiě)作滿(mǎn)分詳解及滿(mǎn)分模板作者早已給出。
第二篇作文叫獨立寫(xiě)作，和筆考、機考均無(wú)兩樣，給定考生一熟悉的話(huà)題，讓考生在30分鐘內寫(xiě)一篇300字的文章。典型的問(wèn)法是：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement- One should never judge a person by external appearance. Use specific reasons and details to support you answer。不少同學(xué)又跟筆者要獨立寫(xiě)作滿(mǎn)分詳解及滿(mǎn)分模板。實(shí)際上獨立寫(xiě)作詳解和模板筆者在很多年前便給出了模板，但不知何故網(wǎng)上和筆者的電腦中再也尋不著(zhù)。只有提起筆來(lái)結合筆者再次參加新托�？荚嚨慕�(jīng)驗給各位同學(xué)重新總結新托福獨立寫(xiě)作模板和高分寫(xiě)作技巧。
評分標準1：effectively addresses the writing topic and task。
要求考生有效地闡明主題，考生千萬(wàn)不要跑題。從筆者的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗看，考生全部跑題現象較少，但是局部跑題現象十分嚴重，這也是考生不能輕取高分的緣故。
評分標準2：well organized and well developed
邏輯條理清楚，發(fā)展充分。每次作者在講寫(xiě)作時(shí)總是把它和閱讀相對照。各位考生要想拿到獨立寫(xiě)作滿(mǎn)分必須真正理解八股文的結構，千萬(wàn)不要寫(xiě)中國式的八股文，而應寫(xiě)出美式八股文。
評分標準3：uses specific details and examples to support you view 。
考生的論據一定要具體、明確，且對論點(diǎn)有支持作用，而不能空洞和泛泛而談。
評分標準4：displays language facility by demonstrating syntactic variety, word choice and idiom。
(通過(guò)譴詞造句和習慣表達來(lái)展示語(yǔ)言的熟練程度)這一點(diǎn)是各位考生經(jīng)常忽視， 迷惘和不清楚的一點(diǎn)。新托福作文占總分120分的30分。我們對大家的要求是在作文上花的時(shí)間既要少又要拿高分，至少28分。凡是想拿到28分甚至滿(mǎn)分以上的.同學(xué)一定要注意此項評分標準。能用first千萬(wàn)不要用firstly，能用finally千萬(wàn)不要用last but not least. 不少同學(xué)花了很多功夫背這一外國人都不用的詞組，能用常用的詞千萬(wàn)不要用偏詞，同時(shí)我們要熟練掌握ETS喜歡的5大語(yǔ)法結構和2種從句。
作文要不要寫(xiě)-當然要寫(xiě)，但我建議考生不要寫(xiě)的太多，寫(xiě)一篇要像一篇，最好讓行家改2-3篇。我曾經(jīng)碰到一個(gè)學(xué)生把185篇中的184篇均寫(xiě)了。拿給我看，結果同樣的錯誤在184篇均反復出現，讓我哭笑不得，一問(wèn)才知說(shuō)是老師這么教的。學(xué)托福需要勤奮，但像這種勤奮就等于浪費青春歲月。
作文要不要背-最好不要通篇背，可以背一些經(jīng)典的句型。倘若真要背，一定要認準此篇作文是范文的情況下才能背。
這4個(gè)評分標準哪條更重要-這主要取決于考生對作文考分的期望值。若要考滿(mǎn)分，此4點(diǎn)均重要。千萬(wàn)不能跑題，一跑題可就是0分了�？荚囐M也就白交了。
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典8
一、托福寫(xiě)作字數
為什么說(shuō)是最適宜呢？因為這個(gè)區間，極容易出滿(mǎn)分；為什么容易出滿(mǎn)分呢？因為沒(méi)有特別多思維的限制。不需要大家去過(guò)度的考慮節省文字，也不需要大家過(guò)度的考慮填充文字。大家只要用熟自己的綜合寫(xiě)作模板，做好對于聽(tīng)力和閱讀內容的總結和適當填寫(xiě)，基本上字數就落到了這個(gè)區間里。如果超出，說(shuō)明細節寫(xiě)多了（這個(gè)是會(huì )扣分的，畢竟人家是summary essay要sum up）；如果不足，說(shuō)明要么模板太簡(jiǎn)單，要么內容不充分。
獨立寫(xiě)作中，字數是否重要？
關(guān)于獨立寫(xiě)作的字數規范，到現在也沒(méi)有一個(gè)普遍認可的標度。出現這樣的認知差異，歸根到底是起源于獨立寫(xiě)作發(fā)散的創(chuàng )作本質(zhì)。這跟高考作文字數有標準，但遵守不嚴格是一個(gè)道理。創(chuàng )作得當、文筆突出、內涵豐富的文章，不會(huì )讓字數成為其攔路虎。字數的規則也正是這些深層寫(xiě)作能力的最直接和簡(jiǎn)單的衡量標準。但它并不絕對，只是具有相對普遍性。
獨立寫(xiě)作中，最低字數是？
320字，是大多數人較為充足的展現四段式結構的最低字數。托福寫(xiě)作中最基礎的要求就是一個(gè)正確的、發(fā)展相對充分的結構。從操作來(lái)看，320字是大多數人完成四段寫(xiě)作的最低字數。開(kāi)頭及結尾50字，中間段落110字。開(kāi)頭結尾三句話(huà)，中間段落6句話(huà)，基本可以包括每種段落的所有表達部分。
二、托福寫(xiě)作評分
1、切題
在托福寫(xiě)作中，考生所表達的觀(guān)點(diǎn)要和題目要求相關(guān)和一致。在行文過(guò)程中，不斷重復題干關(guān)鍵詞。 寫(xiě)作時(shí)題目中的topic詞匯一定要在文章中出現，除此之外，在寫(xiě)作時(shí)我們也要主要重復題目中的topics，以避免被機器判為跑題；一旦判定文章為跑題文章，就很可能會(huì )直接判為零分。寫(xiě)作時(shí)要清楚寫(xiě)出表達觀(guān)點(diǎn)的主題句，以及主體段的主題句。
2、結構完整合理展開(kāi)
托福滿(mǎn)分作文的行文組織要系統，具有明確的邏輯性。字數保持在600字以上，才能考出28分以上的分數。文章一般采用5段式的結構，即：開(kāi)頭、觀(guān)點(diǎn)段1、觀(guān)點(diǎn)段2、讓步段、結尾。要有3個(gè)分論點(diǎn)，以及相關(guān)的例證來(lái)支持自己的論點(diǎn)，即例子、細節（說(shuō)理或例證）。細節一般指的是數字，或是以大寫(xiě)字母開(kāi)頭的專(zhuān)有名詞。
三、托福寫(xiě)作怎么拿高分
1、內容完整準確。
一般情況下，講座中信息都會(huì )有三點(diǎn)，需要看考生是否有將講座中的關(guān)鍵信息點(diǎn)完整、準確地提煉出來(lái)（用自己的語(yǔ)言表達），另外，還需要和閱讀材料的相關(guān)內容有效地一一對應。如果講座中的`信息點(diǎn)有缺失，那么會(huì )有一定程度的扣分；如果只寫(xiě)了有關(guān)閱讀材料的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，得1分。
2、文章組織機構如何，詞匯和語(yǔ)法應用是否正確
條理清晰，結構連貫，用詞恰當是高分作文的必要條件，考生要確保能夠準確表達講座中的觀(guān)點(diǎn)與閱讀材料中的觀(guān)點(diǎn)是如何相互聯(lián)系的，只要不出現重大的表述性的錯誤，比如表述不清，言不達意等，一些小的語(yǔ)言錯誤，如單復數問(wèn)題和單詞拼寫(xiě)等，并不會(huì )很影響作文成績(jì)，不過(guò)，還是要盡量避免類(lèi)似的小錯誤。
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典9
In current society, according to the survey conducted by a newspaper titled China Daily, the study burden on the shoulder of students is increasingly heavier, which has attracted widespread public attention. When it come to what parents can do to help their children’s study, many people, if not most, are strong believers of the claim that parents should finish their kids’ homework for the purpose of relieving the study pressure. However, as far as I am concerned, parents are supposed to guide their children to complete their homework independently, for having a better command of knowledge imparted in class and cultivating their independent thinking ability.
First and foremost, it is undeniable that finishing homework by themselves can help children better absorb the knowledge they obtained. As is known to all, the purpose of assigning homework to students is to review what they learned in the class. In other words, teachers will view their assignments as a yardstick to evaluate how well their students have absorbed the knowledge. For example, a history teacher may require his students to write a paper about the Independence War after briefly introducing the background and process of this war. Due to the lack of sufficient information about this subject, kids may turn to their parents for help. Some parents may do everything for their children, including collecting data, outlining the whole article and even finishing the paper. However, other parents may just provide some information sources and ask their kid to select relevant information and design the structure of the article. After finishing the paper, those who finish it independently have understood the whole process of Independent War, while those who do not complete by themselves forget what they learned quickly.
Furthermore, it is indisputable that doing assignment independently can foster children’s ability of solving problems on their ow
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典10
托福獨立寫(xiě)作模板：Agree/Disagree
Some people argue as if it is a general truth that a ...But to be frank, I cannot agree with them. There are numerous reasons why I hold no confidence on them, and I would explore only a few primary ones here.
The main problem with this argument is that it is ignorant o the basic fact that...Explain...
Another reason why I disagree with the above statement is that I believe that...
What is more, some students are interested in...
In a word, ...
托福獨立寫(xiě)作模板 Agree/Disagree
Some people prefer to A, others believe B, Nowadays some may hold the opinion that ..., but others have a negative attitude. As far as I am concerned, I agree/disagree that... MY arguments for this point are listed as follows.
One of the primary causes is that...
Examples...
But there is a further more subtle point we must consider. Examples.
What is more... Examples...
General speaking ... Recognizing the fact that ...should drive us to conclude that...
托福獨立寫(xiě)作模板 Agree/Disagree
Nowadays, some may hold the opinion that ... But others have a negative attitude. As far as I am concerned, I agree that ... My arguments for this point are listed as follows.
I agree with the statement that ...without reservation since ...
Another reason why I agree with the above statement is that I believe that...
In a word, ... Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that...
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典11
提問(wèn)法是以問(wèn)題為導向，引起讀者興趣，引導你的.讀者跟隨你的思路走進(jìn)你的思維世界。請參見(jiàn)下面的例子：
1. There has been undesirable trend in recent years towards the worship of money. A recent survey showed that X percent of respondents ranked getting rich as their top priority， compared to X percent only a few years ago . Why do people fail to realize that wealth does not necessarily bring happiness ?(提問(wèn)法)
2. Should parents spare the rod and spoil the child ? Opinions concerning strict parental discipline vary widely . Some view strict discipline as nothing more than a form of abuse ， while others argue it is an essential factor for instilling appropriate social behavior .(提問(wèn)法)
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典12
托福獨立寫(xiě)作主體段寫(xiě)法技巧(單觀(guān)點(diǎn)篇)
托福獨立寫(xiě)作對于不少托�？忌鷣�(lái)說(shuō)是取得高分難以逾越的一道鴻溝，這不僅需要大量的練習，還需要掌握其中的訣竅。今天，小編為各位考生帶來(lái)托福獨立寫(xiě)作主題段單觀(guān)點(diǎn)的寫(xiě)法點(diǎn)撥，希望對各位考生有所幫助。
對于獨立寫(xiě)作我們通常都會(huì )選擇五段式結構，這個(gè)結構包括三個(gè)主體段，按照題型我們可以將寫(xiě)作類(lèi)型分為三個(gè)：支持反對類(lèi)(單觀(guān)點(diǎn))、對比比較類(lèi)(雙觀(guān)點(diǎn))、自主定義類(lèi)。首先我們要明確一下定義，單觀(guān)點(diǎn)話(huà)題就是說(shuō)題目只要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度，支持或反對，并且題目中沒(méi)有任何要求拿來(lái)作比較的對象。今天，小編就為各位考生分析一下有關(guān)單觀(guān)點(diǎn)類(lèi)題目的`寫(xiě)作技巧，下面是一道典型的題目：
Topic 20xx.11.3
People who do not work because they have enough money are rarely happy.
這道題就是一道典型的單觀(guān)點(diǎn)題目，那些因為有足夠的錢(qián)而不去工作的人，他們鮮少開(kāi)心。
針對單觀(guān)點(diǎn)話(huà)題主體段的展開(kāi)有兩種方式，舉例我們支持是A觀(guān)點(diǎn)，先來(lái)看第一種寫(xiě)法。
1. A+A+A
這種寫(xiě)法代表著(zhù)我們需要用三個(gè)理由支持自己的選擇。
Topic：It is desirable to know about events from all over the world even if it is unlikely to have any effect on your daily life.
了解世界各地發(fā)生的事情是好的，縱使這些事不會(huì )對我們的日常生活產(chǎn)生任何影響。
1. To begin with, being aware of these cultural events means having more topics for communication.
2. In addition, learning news about science is necessary for us to form correct world views in todays fast-changing society.
3. In the end, understanding political incidents serves as an excellent method to broaden our horizons.
在這種寫(xiě)法里考生可舉出了三個(gè)論點(diǎn)正向支持自己的態(tài)度，認為了解這些事情是必要的。但是這種寫(xiě)法并不適用于每個(gè)考生，因為對于大部分考生來(lái)說(shuō)，要一口氣想到主體段的三個(gè)理由是有難度的，需要較為豐富的素材積累和較快地反應速度才能做到。因此，大部分考生在寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中傾向于選擇讓步段的寫(xiě)作方式，可以快速簡(jiǎn)單有效地解決主體段分論點(diǎn)。下面我們來(lái)看第二種寫(xiě)法。
2. A+A+(-A)
這種寫(xiě)法代表，前兩個(gè)論點(diǎn)正向表達考生的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，最后一個(gè)主體段讓步一下，以達到全面看待topic的效果。在此引用一個(gè)例子:
Scientists should be responsible for negative impacts of their discoveries?
Disagree
1. The aim and motivation of scientists research is to transform the world and improve peoples life.
2. The results of most discoveries are advantageous to our society.
3. Admittedly, we should not overlook that in some cases, scientists inventions lead to negative impacts.However, this kind of impact often is not created by scientists. It could be the consequence of peoples improper use.
這道題我們的寫(xiě)法依然是先用兩個(gè)理由解釋我們?yōu)槭裁闯址磳Φ膽B(tài)度，然后再用一個(gè)相反的觀(guān)點(diǎn)削弱我們的態(tài)度，從而達到全面看待問(wèn)題的效果。最后一個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)的邏輯是，雖然承認有負面影響，但同時(shí)為科學(xué)開(kāi)脫：這些消極的影響并非出自科學(xué)家之手，而是由于人們的不恰當使用造成的。
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典13
托福寫(xiě)作的評分標準
新托福寫(xiě)作考試由兩部分組成：綜合寫(xiě)作和獨立寫(xiě)作。
綜合寫(xiě)作：考生先閱讀一篇短文，再聽(tīng)一段相關(guān)內容的講座錄音，講座的演講者直接討論短文中的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，要求考生把演講者就短文觀(guān)點(diǎn)發(fā)表的看法寫(xiě)成一篇摘要。
獨立寫(xiě)作：要求考生針對某一話(huà)題發(fā)表個(gè)人的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，并用具體的理由和事例來(lái)支持自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。每篇作文都由兩位評分人員根據統一的評分標準，在0～5分的范圍內評分(只給整數分數)，而后取平均值，最后將這個(gè)平均值轉換為30分制。
綜合寫(xiě)作評分標準
1.內容的完整性和準確性。簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，就是文章是否有將講座中的關(guān)鍵信息點(diǎn)完整、準確地提取出來(lái)(通常情況下有三點(diǎn))，并和閱讀材料中的相關(guān)內容有效地一一對應。如果講座中的信息點(diǎn)有缺失，那么會(huì )有一定程度的扣分；如果只寫(xiě)了有關(guān)閱讀材料的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，得1分。
2.文章的組織機構，詞匯和語(yǔ)法的正確性和準確性。高分的作文需要做到條理清晰，結構連貫，用詞恰當，能夠準確地表達講座中的觀(guān)點(diǎn)與閱讀材料中的觀(guān)點(diǎn)是如何相互聯(lián)系的，只要作文中的錯誤不至于使內容表述出現誤解，一些偶爾出現的語(yǔ)言錯誤，如單詞拼寫(xiě)、單復數問(wèn)題等，不會(huì )對作文成績(jì)產(chǎn)生很大影響，當然，錯誤肯定是越少越好的。
獨立寫(xiě)作評分標準
1.有效回應題目，闡明文章主題。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，獨立寫(xiě)作完全跑題的情況很少，但是很多考生在展開(kāi)討論時(shí)所采用的論據，比較容易出現跟主題關(guān)聯(lián)性不大的情況，即局部答非所問(wèn)的現象，從而影響了得分。
2.邏輯條理清楚，論證充分展開(kāi)。這一點(diǎn)的關(guān)鍵在于文章論證的展開(kāi)，是否提供了大量的細節和例子來(lái)支持觀(guān)點(diǎn)，而非泛泛而談地說(shuō)理。比如說(shuō)某位同學(xué)的英文寫(xiě)作能力很強，我光說(shuō)很強，很厲害，寫(xiě)得很好都很表面，但是我如果說(shuō)這位同學(xué)托福寫(xiě)作考了29分，那么就是很細節很有說(shuō)服力的論據了。
3.內容連貫一致，銜接自然流暢。達到內容連貫一致的文章通常全文圍繞中心論點(diǎn)展開(kāi)，而不會(huì )論據自相矛盾，也不會(huì )重復論證，有時(shí)候通過(guò)一些表示因果、先后、遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系連詞可以起到粘合劑的作用。
4.遣詞造句地道，語(yǔ)言駕馭嫻熟。托�？荚嚱K究是語(yǔ)言考試，最終還是要考查考生的語(yǔ)言運用能力，但是要注意的是，并不是要求考生通篇都用難詞偏語(yǔ)長(cháng)句，而是要會(huì )變化著(zhù)用一些美國人常用的語(yǔ)句把自己的想法表達清楚，所以建議考生盡量多閱讀和模仿英文原版材料，這樣寫(xiě)出來(lái)的文章才能夠原汁原味。
提升寫(xiě)作能力的重要性
由托福評分標準可見(jiàn)，托福寫(xiě)作能力是語(yǔ)言運用的精髓與核心，對于在外國留學(xué)的中國學(xué)生，尤其是有志于進(jìn)入文商科領(lǐng)域的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，“寫(xiě)”是一條生命線(xiàn)，直接關(guān)乎課業(yè)和工作的成敗。以寫(xiě)作形式提交的測試或者論文占據了GPA的極大比重，這事實(shí)上對于母語(yǔ)非英文的亞洲學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)是利好的，如果沒(méi)有以書(shū)面形式呈現的作業(yè)，一般來(lái)說(shuō)稍顯內向的學(xué)生很難在激烈的英語(yǔ)課堂辯論中占據任何優(yōu)勢。從更深層次上來(lái)說(shuō)，“寫(xiě)”代表了個(gè)人內心聲音的傾訴，展現了理解知識的深度和思考的結晶，鐫刻了一個(gè)人的思想由青澀到成熟的印記。而到了工作階段，對于任何與文商科有關(guān)的職業(yè)，例如律師，會(huì )計師，分析師，翻譯，記者等等來(lái)說(shuō)，寫(xiě)作都是最基本與核心的質(zhì)素，無(wú)論是撰寫(xiě)報告，公文，信函……寫(xiě)作的重要性常常為學(xué)生們所忽視，因此到了大學(xué)和工作之后往往要加倍償還。
托�？忌Ｒ�(jiàn)問(wèn)題
大部分的學(xué)生在托福寫(xiě)作中所展現出來(lái)的英文寫(xiě)作問(wèn)題主要集中在以下幾點(diǎn)：
一、邏輯匱乏
連貫地把一個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)言之成理地表達出來(lái)，是完成任何寫(xiě)作任務(wù)的第一要務(wù)，在英文寫(xiě)作中尤其要注意兩點(diǎn)，第一，不要被辭藻的'華美和句式的復雜繞進(jìn)去了，英文應該以幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞為骨架，再以此為基礎進(jìn)行增刪修飾，所以不要文過(guò)飾非，表達片段化；第二，對于低齡學(xué)員來(lái)說(shuō)，尤其要注意平行論點(diǎn)之間是否有重疊，交叉的地方，同時(shí)，要注意事實(shí)，結果和基準之間是否處在一條直線(xiàn)上，是否在邏輯上具有一致性。
二、論據意識不強
托福寫(xiě)作評分標準當中對于“事實(shí)和論據”有著(zhù)明確的要求，“口水話(huà)”是任何應試型寫(xiě)作的大忌。論據的積累事實(shí)上也應該成為寫(xiě)作教學(xué)的重要一環(huán)，其中理論型的論據需要教師的講解和提煉，也需要學(xué)生“思接千載，視通萬(wàn)里”，不局限于單一科目，把多門(mén)學(xué)科當中的原理和事實(shí)融入進(jìn)論點(diǎn)的闡發(fā)過(guò)程，比如心理學(xué)中的“延遲滿(mǎn)足”效應，經(jīng)濟學(xué)里“馬太效應”等等，都應該是寫(xiě)作可以信手拈來(lái)的材料，但是這一塊是傳統的寫(xiě)作教學(xué)比較忽視的；而事實(shí)論據也是大有文章可做的，最可靠的是數字，對數字的敏感度的培養應該從小開(kāi)始，不能成為短板；其次是概括性的事實(shí)，大部分的低齡學(xué)員在抽象概括能力上需要嚴格的訓練，在初期需要思維模型的打造，比如判定一種行為的利弊，可以借用“個(gè)人-社區-社會(huì )”的經(jīng)典分層，或者在工作類(lèi)的話(huà)題上，對不同類(lèi)型的職業(yè)進(jìn)行單獨分析……
最后要強調的是具體事例，此處必須明確的一點(diǎn)是具體事例寫(xiě)作絕對不等同把個(gè)人經(jīng)歷做成流水賬，而是要加以概括，把枝枝葉葉的部分砍掉，把意識流一般的敘事套進(jìn)一個(gè)整飭的模具當中，這個(gè)模具就是段落的大意和行文的邏輯。
三、遣詞造句不地道
托福的閱卷人不知道看過(guò)多少篇以 “with the development of society”（隨著(zhù)社會(huì )的發(fā)展）開(kāi)頭的作文，這種毫無(wú)個(gè)人創(chuàng )建的模板化也只能保證一個(gè)更加平庸的分數。其次，玩弄大詞，不用小詞，不區分書(shū)面語(yǔ)和口語(yǔ)，都是由于平時(shí)不閱讀，不積累，所造成的壞賬和惡果。8歲時(shí)就出版個(gè)人專(zhuān)著(zhù)《飛揚的手指》，12歲就走上TED演講臺的美國華裔神童鄒奇奇（Adora Svitak）從三歲就開(kāi)始博覽群書(shū)，去聽(tīng)一聽(tīng)她的那篇名為《成年人能從孩子身上學(xué)到什么》的演講，我們或許可以知道，任何神童和奇跡的產(chǎn)生，都是“積跬步”和“積小流”的結果。
四、冗余現象嚴重
如果我們試著(zhù)把一段中文翻譯成英文，再把這段譯文和典范的英文進(jìn)行對比，就可以發(fā)現大多數人的翻譯都要比典范英文長(cháng)一截。這恰恰是寫(xiě)作剛剛入門(mén)，又無(wú)法達到精通程度的學(xué)生最容易遇到的問(wèn)題。英文寫(xiě)作的原則應該是“l(fā)ess is more”，寫(xiě)得精煉遠遠好于長(cháng)篇大論，如若英文寫(xiě)作要從中低端邁入高端，這背后需要調動(dòng)介詞，比如“otherwise”這種介詞，80%的學(xué)生都不會(huì )用，或者害怕用；此外，把從句以合成詞的方式的呈現出來(lái)，用上data-driven這樣的結構，此處不一一贅述。
綜上所述，英文寫(xiě)作首先是一種審美教育。審美是任何有效語(yǔ)言學(xué)習的最佳入門(mén)途徑，語(yǔ)文課上，不少人因為《春江花月夜》“江畔何人初見(jiàn)月，江月何年初照人”這樣讓人震撼的名句而愛(ài)上了這門(mén)學(xué)科，而英文的審美力量常常為模式化的教學(xué)所忽視。讀原著(zhù)，是長(cháng)期構建英文寫(xiě)作能力的核心所在，例如我們如果有幸讀一讀愛(ài)德華·吉本的《羅馬帝國衰亡史》，會(huì )看到，羅馬帝國“囊括世上最美之疆域”，在其“古老聲威與嚴整軍容”的震懾下，敵軍不敢來(lái)犯，市民“盡享富庶生活，甚而奢華揮霍”。（The Empire “comprehended the fairest part of the earth”. Rome’s enemies were kept at bay by “ancient renown and disciplined valour”. Citizens “enjoyed and abused the advantages of wealth and luxury”.）用詞之準確精妙，如果不經(jīng)過(guò)長(cháng)期的培養和學(xué)習，是無(wú)論如何也現想不來(lái)的。
其次，英文寫(xiě)作也是一種思維訓練。隨著(zhù)學(xué)力的增長(cháng)，不同等級的標準化考試對于邏輯的要求也會(huì )越來(lái)越高。從托福的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，可能觀(guān)點(diǎn)行文言之成理即可，而到了SAT階段，則把明確地提煉出作者態(tài)度，謀篇布局，并對其高明之處進(jìn)行剖析的能力列入了考察范圍，光靠死記硬背，顯然是難以應付這一階段考試的。而到了申請研究生的時(shí)候，GRE，GMAT和LSAT的作文考試，邏輯就成了重中之重，簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)，在分析題干的時(shí)候，對論斷的合理性和不合理性都應該有所論述，并且要分析出在何種情況下和何種程度中該觀(guān)點(diǎn)為合理或者不合理，沒(méi)有訓練過(guò)的學(xué)員，一定是在考場(chǎng)上最手足無(wú)措的那一群人。
我們要做的就是將托福寫(xiě)作題目分類(lèi)，并進(jìn)行相應的優(yōu)化。托福作文題目的難度體現最主要就是在作文題目越來(lái)越抽象，越來(lái)越不容易想到理由。其實(shí)，當面對這些題目的時(shí)候，很多人總會(huì )把自己投入一個(gè)怪圈，單純的死扣這個(gè)問(wèn)題，而不是試圖將它擴展或者細化。 作文最忌諱的就是就事論事，不作任何擴展。
最后，英文寫(xiě)作也是一種品質(zhì)訓練。寫(xiě)作能力不是天生的，一定是養成的，任何資質(zhì)的孩子通過(guò)適當的培訓和培養，都有可能成為一個(gè)合格的寫(xiě)作者。但是，知易行難，不喜歡動(dòng)筆寫(xiě)是大多數人的通病，寫(xiě)作也是思路整理和思維鍛煉的過(guò)程，更是考驗人的毅力和定力的時(shí)刻。在適當的時(shí)候，將寫(xiě)作養成習慣需要借助外力，需要定期的督促和修改。注意到寫(xiě)作能力的重要性，亡羊補牢，為時(shí)未晚，否則咱們的孩子到了國外之后，在語(yǔ)言上如何和外國的同齡人抗衡呢？
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典14
一.審題
在托福獨立寫(xiě)作考試中，考生應該學(xué)會(huì )審題，如果考生在審題中出現失誤的話(huà)，就算考生的論述再清晰，也不會(huì )取得高分的。根據以往的獨立寫(xiě)作的題目，前程百利小編認為，可以把獨立寫(xiě)作中的題型分為觀(guān)點(diǎn)選擇類(lèi)，比較對比類(lèi)。建議考生在看到題目的時(shí)候，首先把題目通讀1-3遍，著(zhù)重看在題目中的名詞和動(dòng)詞，如果題目中給出了兩個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)或者是一個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)的兩個(gè)方面，要求考生進(jìn)行比較論述并給出個(gè)人的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，那就是觀(guān)點(diǎn)選擇類(lèi)的題目，比如在TPO1中，問(wèn)考生agree or disagree with the following statement就是觀(guān)點(diǎn)選擇題;如果要求考生根據兩個(gè)對立的觀(guān)點(diǎn)做出選擇就是比較對比類(lèi)型的題比如在TPO11中了，讓考生在針對人們關(guān)于電腦的兩個(gè)不同的認知中進(jìn)行選擇就是這類(lèi)題目。
二.怎樣謀篇布局
在確定題目類(lèi)型之后，考生就應該進(jìn)行謀篇布局了。但是小編認為，不管是什么類(lèi)型的'題目，考生在組織論述的時(shí)候都應該采用五段式的方式表達自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，而且需要考生注意的是，在確定論點(diǎn)先后順序的時(shí)候應該慎重，要有邏輯性的安排這些論點(diǎn)。比如考生可以按照這些論點(diǎn)的重要性進(jìn)行排列，把最能表達自己觀(guān)點(diǎn)的部分放在首位，把最不能表達自己觀(guān)點(diǎn)的內容放在最后一個(gè)自然段進(jìn)行論述;或者考生在安排論點(diǎn)的時(shí)候可以按照范圍的大小來(lái)進(jìn)行排列，總之一定要有邏輯。
1.觀(guān)點(diǎn)選擇類(lèi)
在這個(gè)題目中，考生直接選擇其中的一個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)寫(xiě)就可以了，一定要注意不要將在題目中出現的不同的觀(guān)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行對比，在表明自己觀(guān)點(diǎn)的基礎上，考生可以選擇三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行論證，這些論點(diǎn)之間可以是層層遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系，也可以說(shuō)平行關(guān)系，最后再總述論點(diǎn)即可。我們以TPO5為例，如果考生選擇的是不同意這個(gè)People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment-doing things they like to do rather than doing things they should do觀(guān)點(diǎn)的話(huà)，就可以這樣采用平行的方式展開(kāi)論述。首先現代社會(huì )提倡人們追求自由，越來(lái)越多的人從其中收益了即As the development of democracy, the ideas and behaviors of individual are respected and encouraged to some extent.其次人們這樣選擇并不意味著(zhù)大家放棄了accountability 即However, spending much time on personal enjoyment does not indicate that people ignore their accountability which should be taken.最后追求個(gè)人的享受，幫助大家去assume the responsibility 。
2. 比較對比類(lèi)
在托福寫(xiě)作中的比較對比型文章中，考生一定要注意選擇其中的一方，不要寫(xiě)中立觀(guān)點(diǎn)的文章。在開(kāi)頭的過(guò)程中，考生就要選擇好自己要支持的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，做到有效的回應題目，闡明文章主題。在正文部分也就是2-4自然段，在論證的過(guò)程中，考生可以從日常生活中比如家庭，生活，社會(huì )這幾方面進(jìn)行選擇，在論證的過(guò)程中，如果考生并沒(méi)有那些華麗的辭藻可以補充自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，建議考生選擇直接論證的方式，說(shuō)兩點(diǎn)自己選擇的好處，然后說(shuō)另一個(gè)選項的不好的地方，并且用舉例子的方式來(lái)證明自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。比如在TPO13中，如果考生認為 the extended family is still important就可以從以下來(lái)論述。首先，從家庭的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，人多了可以幫助家里做的事情多了，即One of the important uses of the extended family is to help with family affairs and housework.其次從社會(huì )的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，人多了就意味著(zhù)家里人可以獲得信息的渠道增多了。Another important thing that extended family can to is to provide information to and educate family members. 最后，說(shuō)小家庭的不好，家庭小了人們容易變得孤獨。In addition, nowadays people tend to live alone with their small care family rather than live with many family members within a big family.
托福獨立寫(xiě)作考試并不像大家想象中的那么困難，所以考生應該在掌掌握以上技巧和方法的基礎上，采用歷年真題不斷練習，爭取在考試中取得高分!
托福獨立寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典15
下面與各位托�？忌窒淼氖仟毩�(xiě)作應試技巧：
01分配時(shí)間
30分鐘，轉瞬即逝，在托福獨立寫(xiě)作上必須要分秒必爭，對每一個(gè)環(huán)節要了然于胸。動(dòng)筆前3-5分鐘先構思，心里要布置一個(gè)框架，寫(xiě)完后需要3-5分鐘檢查。所以實(shí)際的寫(xiě)作時(shí)間只有差不多20分鐘。
02 切題
仔細閱讀問(wèn)題或者論點(diǎn)，寫(xiě)得再好，如果離題了一切都是扯淡。
03 頭腦風(fēng)暴
在下筆之前要進(jìn)行一兩個(gè)頭腦風(fēng)暴，想一個(gè)最佳切入點(diǎn)去寫(xiě)
04 列提綱
構思你的文章，列提綱的時(shí)候不需要面面俱到，有時(shí)甚至連阿拉伯數字也不需要寫(xiě)，就一行幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵字，寫(xiě)文章的時(shí)候看著(zhù)這些關(guān)鍵字去展開(kāi)。
05 邏輯性
整篇文章必須是有邏輯性的，一般托福獨立寫(xiě)作文章分為3個(gè)部分，第一部分：引入話(huà)題，通常就一個(gè)段落，或者幾句話(huà)。第二部分：文章主體，通常由2-3個(gè)段落組成。第三部分：總結，通常也是一個(gè)段落或者幾句話(huà)。
06 有理有據
托福寫(xiě)作切忌只有理論，一定要有理有據才可以打動(dòng)人。所以每次給出一個(gè)論點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，一定記得要給出一個(gè)相應的實(shí)例。
07 信號詞
無(wú)論你想表達的是并列的思想，還是轉折的.事情，亦或是其他，最好有一個(gè)信號詞。比如講到遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的時(shí)候，可以用furthermore，what’s more, moreover等。表示轉折關(guān)系的可以用However，but，nevertheless等。
08 句式
句式變化要豐富，長(cháng)短句結合，簡(jiǎn)單句和復雜句結合。這樣可以使得整篇文章看起來(lái)錯落有致，妙趣橫生。
09 檢查文章
最后關(guān)頭別去想是不是要增加新的論點(diǎn)了。檢查一下有沒(méi)有出現低級錯誤，比如首字母是否大寫(xiě)，拼寫(xiě)錯誤，語(yǔ)法錯誤，或者標點(diǎn)錯誤。
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