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如何更好閱讀英文素材
閱讀是學(xué)習英語(yǔ)重要的一部分,但許多學(xué)生都覺(jué)得閱讀很難。下面是一些建議可以是你通過(guò)使用在母語(yǔ)中用到的技巧來(lái)幫助你提高閱讀。以下是小編給帶整理的如何更好閱讀英文素材,歡迎閱讀!
Tip 1: Read for Gist
建議一:讀主旨
Gist = the main ideas
Gist=主旨,要點(diǎn)
Read the text a first time. Dont stop. Read to understand the main ideas, and dont look up new words. Youll be surprised that you can usually understand the general idea of the story.
首先通讀全文。不要中途停下,在閱讀的過(guò)程中理解主旨,不要查新詞。你會(huì )驚訝地發(fā)現,你總是能夠理解故事的大意。
5條建議,幫你更好閱讀英文素材
Tip 2: Use Context
建議二:讀上下文
Context refers words and situations that are around a word you dont understand. Look at the example sentence:
上下文指的是圍繞一個(gè)你不理解地詞語(yǔ)地一些詞組和語(yǔ)境。請看例句:
I went to the shlumping to buy some chitla for dinner.Whats schlumping? - it must be a store because you bought something there.
Shlumping是什么意思?——它肯定指的是一個(gè)商店,因為你是在那兒買(mǎi)東西。
Whats chitia? - It must be food because you are going to eat it for dinner.
Chitia是什么意思?它肯定是一種食物,因為你晚餐得吃它。
Tip 3: Use Your Own Language
建議三:使用自己的母語(yǔ)
One of the best tips on improving reading is to think about how you read in your own language. Start by thinking about how you read different documents. How do you read the newspaper? How do you read novels? How do you read train schedules? and so on. Taking time to think about this will help give you clues on how to read in English - even if you dont understand every single word.
提高閱讀最好的方法之一就是,想想自己閱讀母語(yǔ)材料的方式是怎樣的。先思考你是怎樣閱讀不同類(lèi)型的文本。你是怎么讀報紙的?你是怎么讀小說(shuō)的?你是怎么讀火車(chē)時(shí)刻表的?等等;ㄐ⿻r(shí)間來(lái)思考,這會(huì )為你進(jìn)行英語(yǔ)閱讀提供一些線(xiàn)索——即使你并不是每個(gè)詞都認識。
Ask yourself this question: Do I read every word in your own language when I am reading a schedule, summary, or other outlining document?
問(wèn)你自己一個(gè)問(wèn)題:當我在讀母語(yǔ)的日程表、總結或其他大綱文件時(shí),是逐詞閱讀嗎?
The answer is most definitely: No!
答案肯定是:不!
Reading in English is like reading in your native language. This means that it is not always necessary to read and understand each and every word in English. Remember that reading skills in your native language and English are basically the same.
英語(yǔ)閱讀就像你的母語(yǔ)閱讀一樣。這意味著(zhù)我們不總是需要閱讀并理解英語(yǔ)中的每一個(gè)詞語(yǔ)。記住,你的母語(yǔ)閱讀技巧在英語(yǔ)閱讀中也同樣適用。
Tip 4: Understand Different Reading Skills
建議四:了解不同的閱讀技巧
Here is a quick overview of the four types of reading skills used in every language:
下面是對四種閱讀技巧的快速一覽,這些技巧適用于任何語(yǔ)言。
Skimming - used to understand the "gist" or main idea
略讀——用來(lái)理解“主旨”或“大意”。
Scanning - used to find a particular piece of information
翻閱——用來(lái)找尋特定的信息
Extensive reading - used for pleasure and general understanding
泛讀——用于娛樂(lè )性地或大致地了解
Intensive reading - accurate reading for detailed understanding
精讀——為了理解細節而進(jìn)行的精確閱讀
1.Skimming
略讀
Skimming is used to quickly gather the most important information, or gist. Run your eyes over the text, noting important information. Use skimming to quickly get up to speed on a current business situation. Its not essential to understand each word when skimming.
略讀是用來(lái)快速獲取最重要的信息,或“主旨”。掃視文本,找到重要的信息。使用略讀可以快速進(jìn)入狀態(tài),了解最近的經(jīng)濟狀況。略讀時(shí),我們不需要了解每一個(gè)詞語(yǔ)的意思。
Examples of Skimming:
略讀的例子:
The Newspaper (quickly to get the general news of the day)
報紙(快速獲取當天新聞的大概)
Magazines (quickly to discover which articles you would like to read in more detail)
雜志(快速找出你想仔細閱讀的文章)
Business and Travel Brochures (quickly to get informed)
商務(wù)和旅游宣傳冊(快速了解情況)
2.Scanning
翻閱
Scanning is used to find a particular piece of information. Run your eyes over the text looking for the specific piece of information you need. Use scanning on schedules, meeting plans, etc. in order to find the specific details you require. If you see words or phrases that you dont understand, dont worry when scanning.
翻閱是用來(lái)尋找某條特定的信息。掃視文本,找出你需要的具體某條信息。在尋讀的時(shí)候,如果看到不理解的詞語(yǔ)或短語(yǔ)也不必擔心。
Examples of Scanning
翻閱的例子
The "Whats on TV" section of your newspaper.
報紙上關(guān)于“電視節目”板塊
A train / airplane schedule
火車(chē)/飛機時(shí)刻表
A conference guide
會(huì )議指南
3.Extensive reading
泛讀
Extensive reading is used to obtain a general understanding of a subject and includes reading longer texts for pleasure, as well as business books. Use extensive reading skills to improve your general knowledge of business procedures. Do not worry if you understand each word.
泛讀是用來(lái)對某個(gè)主題進(jìn)行大致的了解,包括出于興趣閱讀較長(cháng)的文本和商務(wù)書(shū)籍。使用泛讀技巧可以提高你在閱讀商務(wù)流程大致信息的技巧。不需要每個(gè)詞都理解。
Examples of Extensive Reading
泛讀的例子
The latest marketing strategy book
最新的行銷(xiāo)策略書(shū)籍
A novel you read before going to bed
睡前讀的小說(shuō)
Magazine articles that interest you
感興趣的雜志文章
4.Intensive reading
精讀
Intensive reading is used on shorter texts in order to extract specific information. It includes very close accurate reading for detail. Use intensive reading skills to grasp the details of a specific situation. In this case, it is important that you understand each word, number or fact.
精讀是用來(lái)閱讀比較短的文本以獲取具體的信息。它包括詳細的精確閱讀。精讀技巧可以抓住具體情況中的細節。在這種情形下,閱讀每一個(gè)詞語(yǔ)、數字或事實(shí)就很重要了。
如何高效閱讀英文文獻?
積累學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ)詞匯
首先,學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ)詞匯是閱讀英文文獻的基礎。建議大家可以整理一個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ)詞匯表,記住那些常見(jiàn)的學(xué)術(shù)術(shù)語(yǔ)和關(guān)鍵詞。在閱讀過(guò)程中,不斷更新自己的詞匯表,這樣會(huì )越來(lái)越得心應手。
跨學(xué)科讀文獻
理解不同類(lèi)型和風(fēng)格的文獻需要時(shí)間和實(shí)踐。通過(guò)多讀一些范圍廣泛、難度適宜的英文文章,可以提高對不同作者和學(xué)科寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格的理解能力。除了英文文獻,還可以通過(guò)閱讀一些國際刊物來(lái)提升自己的閱讀能力。比如,薄荷外刊每天會(huì )推送一篇主題外刊,并有專(zhuān)業(yè)的配套音頻,長(cháng)期讀外刊有助于培養我們的英語(yǔ)表達思維,進(jìn)而提升閱讀英文文獻的能力。
學(xué)習閱讀策略
很多研究生在閱讀英文文獻時(shí)會(huì )陷入一個(gè)誤區,就是從頭到尾一字一句翻譯。其實(shí),正確的做法是培養良好的閱讀習慣和策略。例如,通過(guò)預覽摘要、目錄和引言,確定自己所需的信息,并進(jìn)行有針對性的閱讀。同時(shí),識別和關(guān)注文獻中的重點(diǎn)段落、圖表和引用,幫助把握文獻的主旨和觀(guān)點(diǎn)。
練習速讀技巧
學(xué)會(huì )快速瀏覽文獻,捕捉關(guān)鍵信息和結構。這可以通過(guò)練習掃視和根據關(guān)鍵詞和標題來(lái)預測文獻內容的方法來(lái)實(shí)現。比如,每天設定一定的時(shí)間來(lái)閱讀英文文獻,前期精讀1~2頁(yè),后期再增加,但要做到持續閱讀哦!
寫(xiě)閱讀筆記和總結
在閱讀過(guò)程中做好記錄和總結,可以幫助加深理解和記憶?梢圆捎谜浿攸c(diǎn)信息、寫(xiě)下自己的理解和關(guān)聯(lián)思考,以及總結文獻的主要觀(guān)點(diǎn)和貢獻的方式。這樣不僅能提高閱讀效率,還能幫助自己更好地理解和記憶。
制定計劃 持續閱讀
閱讀英文文獻不是一蹴而就的過(guò)程,需要持續練習和積累。每天設定一定的時(shí)間來(lái)閱讀英文文獻,前期精讀1~2頁(yè),后期再增加,但要做到持續閱讀哦!這樣不僅能提高自己的閱讀能力,還能逐步積累更多的學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ)詞匯和閱讀技巧。
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