英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)論文答辯陳述及技巧

　　一、自述(用英語(yǔ)完成)：

　　1、先問(wèn)好，再開(kāi)始自述，自述時(shí)間為5-10分鐘，要簡(jiǎn)明扼要。 Good morning, all appraises committee members.

　　I am ___ and my supervisor is ___. The title of my paper is____.

　　2、接下來(lái)，一般要做一個(gè)大概十分鐘的presentation

　　在答辯前可從以下角度去考慮準備答辯：

　　1、自己為什么選擇這個(gè)課題?

　　2、研究這個(gè)課題的意義和目的是什么?

　　3、全文的基本框架、基本結構是如何安排的?

　　4、全文的各部分之間邏輯關(guān)系如何?

　　5、在研究本課題的過(guò)程中，發(fā)現了那些不同見(jiàn)解?對這些不同的意見(jiàn)，自己是怎樣逐步認識的?又是如何處理的?

　　6、論文雖未論及，但與其較密切相關(guān)的問(wèn)題還有哪些?

　　7、還有哪些問(wèn)題自己還沒(méi)有搞清楚，在論文中論述得不夠透徹?

　　8、寫(xiě)作論文時(shí)立論的主要依據是什么?

　　對以上問(wèn)題應仔細想一想，必要時(shí)要用筆記整理出來(lái)，寫(xiě)成發(fā)言提綱，在答辯時(shí)用。

　　英文論文答辯開(kāi)場(chǎng)白 (一)

　　Good morning,

　　Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ： I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.

　　My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first

　　part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part. Thank you!

　　(二)

　　Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am **** and my supervisor is ***. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

　　The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.

　　I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the

　　transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.

　　The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.

　　part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part. Thank you! (二)Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am **** and my supervisor is ***. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction. The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills. The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.

　　So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.

　　Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

　　Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.

　　Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.

　　Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.

　　Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.

　　Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the

　　translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices.

　　OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.

　　(三)

　　Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. I am *** and my supervisor is prof.***. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.

　　The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style in A Rose for Emily from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with

　　this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style in A Rose for Emily from a Feminist Perspective as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

　　Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

　　This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and A Rose for Emily by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

　　Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!

　　(四)

　　Good morning, appraises committee members and schoolmates. I come from class 08951, and I am Yu Lianfei.

　　Today, the title of my paper is On the Network Novels. In recent years, the network literature is developing rapidly. Network novel is one of the fast of them. In the middle schools, high schools and even universities, there is no lack of network novels' addicts. For the above facts, I select the subject of “on the network novels” as the title of my paper. Then, I will show it to you. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into four parts, as the concept of network novels, the classification of their authors, the development of network novels and the prospects of that.

　　The first part, the definition. Its concept can be divided into the generalized and the narrow. And it can also be divided into boys’ and girls’ in another way.

　　The second part, the classification of their authors. Generally speaking, there are four kinds of authors. The first kind is some people who have favor of literature, they are writing but not for fame. Then, there is some one has favor for literature and also be for fame. The third kind is some people who have explicit goals at the beginning of his writing. And the last kind are some people who just want to express their view, their viewpoint and their feeling with no desire of being published. They take up the most of the authors.

　　The third part, the development. The network novels’ development can not separate form the development of the net and the literature websites. Its developing process may be divided into three stages approximately. The first stage is from 1996 to 2000. This time's literary work often did not strive for (were also not aware of) the fame and fortune, and moreover received the control of tradition. The second stage is beginning of 21st century, mainly contains 2001 and 2002. In this period, the whole network presented the situation of “chaos”. The third stage is from May, 2003 and continues until now. In this period, many schools come into the world, and when a school became a hit there must be many people mimic it. The last part, the forecast. Looking from the internal strength pattern, the outstanding writers in our country mainly hold one kind of critique and the pessimistic manner to the network novels at present. If each big literature website enlarges their own supervision, delete the vulgar works, the pornography and bad works like those things, meanwhile hanker for new person’s new article as well as depth ones, the network novels can be accepted by more people.

　　Not a low-level novel but a kind of enjoyment.

　　二、答辯(用英語(yǔ)完成)：

　　一般來(lái)說(shuō)，老師會(huì )提問(wèn)與你論文相關(guān)的問(wèn)題。

　　可以是大的方面的：論文的背景知識、寫(xiě)作思路、論文的結構、論文所解決問(wèn)題的意義等。

　　附：論文答辯技巧及常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題

　　1、自己為什么選擇這個(gè)課題?

　　2、研究這個(gè)課題的意義和目的是什么?

　　3、全文的基本框架、基本結構是如何安排的? 4、全文的各部分之間邏輯關(guān)系如何?

　　5、在研究本課題的過(guò)程中，發(fā)現了那些不同見(jiàn)解?對這些不同的意見(jiàn)，自己是怎樣逐步認識的?又是如何處理的?

　　6、論文雖未論及，但與其較密切相關(guān)的問(wèn)題還有哪些?

　　7、還有哪些問(wèn)題自己還沒(méi)有搞清楚，在論文中論述得不夠透徹?

        8、寫(xiě)作論文時(shí)立論的主要依據是什么?

　　對以上問(wèn)題應仔細想一想，必要時(shí)要用筆記整理出來(lái)，寫(xiě)成發(fā)言提綱，在答辯時(shí)用。這樣才能做到有備無(wú)患，臨陣不慌。

　　二、答辯技巧

　　學(xué)生首先要介紹一下論文的概要，這就是所謂“自述報告”，須強調一點(diǎn)的是“自述”而不是“自讀”。這里重要的技巧是必須注意不能照本宣讀，把報告變成了“讀書(shū)”。“照本宣讀”是第一大忌。這一部分的內容可包括寫(xiě)作動(dòng)機、緣由、研究方向、選題比較、研究范圍、圍繞這一論題的最新研究成果、自己在論文中的新見(jiàn)解、新的理解或新的突破。做到概括簡(jiǎn)要，言簡(jiǎn)意賅。不能占用過(guò)多時(shí)間，一般以十分鐘為限。所謂“削繁去冗留清被，畫(huà)到無(wú)時(shí)是熟時(shí)”，就是說(shuō)，盡量做到詞約旨豐，一語(yǔ)中的。要突出重點(diǎn)，把自己的最大收獲、最深體會(huì )、最精華與最富特色的部分表述出來(lái)。這里要注意一忌主題不明;二忌內容空泛，東拉西扯;三忌平平淡淡，沒(méi)有重點(diǎn)。

　　在答辯時(shí)，學(xué)生要注意儀態(tài)與風(fēng)度，這是進(jìn)入人們感受渠道的第一信號。如果答辯者能在最初的兩分種內以良好的儀態(tài)和風(fēng)度體現出良好的形象，就有了一個(gè)良好的開(kāi)端。有人將人的體態(tài)分解為最小單位來(lái)研究(如頭、肩、胸、脊、腰等)認為凹胸顯現怯懦、自卑，挺胸顯示情緒高昂—但過(guò)分則為傲慢自負;肩手頸正顯示正直、剛強，脊背挺拔體現嚴肅而充滿(mǎn)自信。但過(guò)于如此，就會(huì )被人看作拘泥刻板保守，略為彎腰有度，稍稍欠身可表示謙虛禮貌。孫中山先生曾說(shuō)過(guò)“其所具風(fēng)度姿態(tài)，即使全場(chǎng)有肅然起敬之心，舉動(dòng)格式又須使聽(tīng)者有安靜詳和之氣”他的這番金玉良言，對我們確實(shí)有很大的啟發(fā)。

　　在聽(tīng)取教師提問(wèn)時(shí)所要掌握的技巧要領(lǐng)是：

　　沉著(zhù)冷靜，邊聽(tīng)邊記

　　精神集中，認真思考

　　既要自信，又要虛心

　　實(shí)事求是，絕不勉強

　　聽(tīng)準聽(tīng)清，聽(tīng)懂聽(tīng)明

　　在回答問(wèn)題時(shí)所要掌握的技巧是構思時(shí)要求每個(gè)問(wèn)題所要答的“中心”“癥結”“關(guān)健”在哪里?從哪一個(gè)角度去回答問(wèn)題最好?應舉什么例子來(lái)證明?回答問(wèn)題的內容實(shí)質(zhì)上是一段有組織的“口頭作文”。這就要一、文章應有論點(diǎn)、論據。二、有開(kāi)頭主體與結尾。三、有條理、有層次。四、應用詞確當，語(yǔ)言流暢。五、應口齒清楚、語(yǔ)速適度。開(kāi)頭要簡(jiǎn)潔：?jiǎn)蔚吨比�，是最好的開(kāi)頭，開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山地表述觀(guān)點(diǎn)，在答辯中是最好的辦法。主體部份的表述可條分縷析，即把所要回答的內容逐條歸納分析，實(shí)際上是對自己掌握的材料由此及彼，由表及里地做整理。這樣的表述就不會(huì )流于表面，而能深入本質(zhì)。條分縷析可以把自己掌握的一些實(shí)際例子合并，整理成若干條目，列成幾個(gè)小標題：分成幾點(diǎn)，一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)，一條一條地說(shuō)出。滿(mǎn)碗的飯必須一口一口吃，滿(mǎn)肚子的道理也必須一條一條講出來(lái)，環(huán)環(huán)相扣，條條相連，令人聽(tīng)完后有清楚的印象。假如在準備的時(shí)候已經(jīng)準備了一個(gè)較完整的提綱，那么沿著(zhù)回答問(wèn)題的主線(xiàn)，再穿上一些玉珠(舉例子)就可以做到中心明確，條理清楚，有理有例了。

　　作為將要參加論文答辯同學(xué)，首先而且必須對自己所著(zhù)的畢業(yè)論文內容有比較深刻理解和比較全面的熟悉。這是為回答畢業(yè)論文答辯委員會(huì )成員就有關(guān)畢業(yè)論文的深度及相關(guān)知識面而可能提出的論文答辯問(wèn)題所做的準備。所謂“深刻的理解”是對畢業(yè)論文有橫向的把握。例如題為《創(chuàng )建名牌產(chǎn)品發(fā)展民族產(chǎn)業(yè)》的論文，畢業(yè)論文答辯委員會(huì )可能會(huì )問(wèn)“民族品牌”與“名牌”有何關(guān)系。盡管畢業(yè)論文中未必涉及“民族品牌”，但 參加論文答辯的學(xué)生必須對自己的畢業(yè)論文有“比較全面的熟悉”和“比較深刻的理解”，否則，就會(huì )出現尷尬局面。 二、論文答辯——圖表穿插 任何畢業(yè)論文，無(wú)論是文科還是理科都或多或少地涉及到用圖表表達論文觀(guān)點(diǎn)的可能，故我認為應該有此準備。圖表不僅是一種直觀(guān)的表達觀(guān)點(diǎn)的方法，更是一種調節論文答辯會(huì )氣氛的手段，特別是對私人論文答辯委員會(huì )成員來(lái)講，長(cháng)時(shí)間地聽(tīng)述，聽(tīng)覺(jué)難免會(huì )有排斥性，不再對你論述的內容接納吸收，這樣，必然對你的畢業(yè)論文答辯成績(jì)有所影響。所以，應該在論文答辯過(guò)程中適當穿插圖表或類(lèi)似圖表的其它媒介以提高你的論文答辯成績(jì)。 三、論文答辯——語(yǔ)流適中

　　進(jìn)行畢業(yè)論文答辯的同學(xué)一般都是首次。無(wú)數事實(shí)證明，他們論文答辯時(shí)，說(shuō)話(huà)速度往往越來(lái)越快，以致畢業(yè)答辯委員會(huì )成員聽(tīng)不清楚，影響了畢業(yè)答辯成績(jì)。故畢業(yè)答辯學(xué)生一定要注意在論文答辯過(guò)程中的語(yǔ)流速度，要有急有緩，有輕有重，不能像連珠炮似地轟向聽(tīng)眾。 四、論文答辯——目光移動(dòng)

　　畢業(yè)生在論文答辯時(shí)，一般可脫稿，也可半脫稿，也可完全不脫稿。但不管哪種方式，都應注意自己的目光，使目光時(shí)常地瞟向論文答辯委員會(huì )成員及會(huì )場(chǎng)上的同學(xué)們。這是你用目光與聽(tīng)眾進(jìn)行心靈的交流，使聽(tīng)眾對你的論題產(chǎn)生興趣的一種手段。在畢業(yè)論文答辯會(huì )上，由于聽(tīng)的時(shí)間過(guò)長(cháng)，委員們難免會(huì )有分神現象，這時(shí)，你用目光的投射會(huì )很禮貌地將他們的神“拉”回來(lái)，使委員們的思路跟著(zhù)你的思路走。

　　五、論文答辯——體態(tài)語(yǔ)輔助

　　雖然畢業(yè)論文答辯同其它論文答辯一樣以口語(yǔ)為主，但適當的體態(tài)語(yǔ)運用會(huì )輔助你的論文答辯，使你的論文答辯效果更好。特別是手勢語(yǔ)言的恰當運用會(huì )顯得自信、有力、不容辯駁。相反，如果你在論文答辯過(guò)程中始終直挺挺地站著(zhù)，或者始終如一地低頭俯視，即使你的論文結構再合理、主題再新穎，結論再正確，論文答辯效果也會(huì )大受影響。所以在畢業(yè)論文答辯時(shí)，一定要注意使用體態(tài)語(yǔ)。

　　六、論文答辯——時(shí)間控制

　　一般在比較正規的論文答辯會(huì )上，都對辯手有答辯時(shí)間要求，因此，畢業(yè) 論文答辯學(xué)生在進(jìn)行論文答辯時(shí)應重視論文答辯時(shí)間的掌握。對論文答辯時(shí)間的控制要有力度，到該截止的時(shí)間立即結束，這樣，顯得有準備，對內容的掌握和控制也輕車(chē)熟路，容易給畢業(yè)論文答辯委員會(huì )成員一個(gè)良好的印象。故在畢業(yè)論文答辯前應該對將要答辯的內容有時(shí)間上的估計。當然在畢業(yè)論文答辯過(guò)程中靈活地減少或增加也是對論文答辯時(shí)間控制的一種表現，應該重視。

　　七、論文答辯——緊扣主題

　　在校園中進(jìn)行畢業(yè)論文答辯，往往辯手較多，因此，對于畢業(yè)論文答辯委員會(huì )成員來(lái)說(shuō)，他們不可能對每一位的畢業(yè)論文內容有全面的了解，有的甚至連畢業(yè)論文題目也不一定熟悉。因此，在整個(gè)論文答辯過(guò)程中能否圍繞主題進(jìn)行，能否最后扣題就顯得非常重要了。另外，委員們一般也容易就論文題目所涉及的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，如界能自始至終地以論文題目為中心展開(kāi)論述就會(huì )使評委思維明朗，對你的畢業(yè)論文給予肯定。

　　八、論文答辯——人稱(chēng)使用

　　在畢業(yè)論文答辯過(guò)程中必然涉及到人稱(chēng)使用問(wèn)題，我建議盡量多地使用第一人稱(chēng)，如“我”“我們”即使論文中的材料是引用他人的，用“我們引用”了哪兒哪兒的數據或材料，特別是畢業(yè)論文大多是稱(chēng)自己作的，所以要更多使用而且是果斷地、大膽地使用第一人稱(chēng)“我”和“我們”。如果是這樣，會(huì )使人有這樣的印象：東西是你的，工作做了不少!(摘自：《青年科學(xué)》2003.8，原文：“畢業(yè)論文答辯應注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題”

　　論文答辯是學(xué)生學(xué)習結束時(shí)必不可少的一個(gè)環(huán)節。其目的是考查學(xué)生：

　　1.能否聽(tīng)懂并正確理解老師提問(wèn)的主旨; 2.答辯是否深刻、有力和流暢;

　　3.對論文觀(guān)點(diǎn)闡述得是否透徹; 4.是否了解與論文有關(guān)的知識。

　　學(xué)生通過(guò)積極準備論文答辯不僅可以增長(cháng)知識，溫故知新，而且可以拓寬和加深專(zhuān)業(yè)知識，提高自己的能力。

　　論文答辯的形式是分組進(jìn)行，設多個(gè)考場(chǎng)，每個(gè)考場(chǎng)有兩名以上答辯老師。學(xué)生進(jìn)入考場(chǎng)獨立面對答辯老師，對老師的提問(wèn)當場(chǎng)作答。論文答辯以答為主，以辯為輔。 因此，學(xué)生在平時(shí)的學(xué)習過(guò)程中必須注意提高自己的聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力。聽(tīng)力不太好的學(xué)生，一旦由于緊張沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂老師問(wèn)的問(wèn)題，可以請老師把問(wèn)題重復一遍，而不是不懂裝懂、答非所問(wèn)地亂講一通。如果老師重復一遍剛提的問(wèn)題，你還是弄不明白，老師只好轉入下一個(gè)問(wèn)題了。

　　答辯前應做好充分的準備，最重要的是熟悉論文的內容及自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。學(xué)生參加答辯，要攜帶論文的底稿和主要參考資料，以便入場(chǎng)前再熟悉一下自己的論文。答辯時(shí)雖然不能依賴(lài)這些資料，但遇到一時(shí)記不起來(lái)時(shí)，可以稍微翻閱一下有關(guān)資料。答辯時(shí)可以把老師所提出的問(wèn)題和有價(jià)值的意見(jiàn)、見(jiàn)解記錄下來(lái)。通過(guò)記錄，不僅可以減緩緊張心理，而且還可以更好地吃透老師所提問(wèn)的要害和實(shí)質(zhì)，同時(shí)還可以邊記邊思考，使思考的過(guò)程變得很自然。

　　在做了充分準備的基礎上，大可不必緊張，要有自信心。樹(shù)立信心，消除緊張慌亂心理很重要，因為過(guò)度的緊張會(huì )使本來(lái)可以回答出來(lái)的向題也答不上來(lái)。只有充滿(mǎn)自信，沉著(zhù)冷靜，才會(huì )在答辯時(shí)有良好的表現。下面是一些簡(jiǎn)單可行的實(shí)例供學(xué)生參考：

　　考官開(kāi)頭常問(wèn)的一些問(wèn)題：

　　1.W ill you please give US a self-introduction? 有些學(xué)生可能由于緊張沒(méi)聽(tīng)清問(wèn)題便開(kāi)始背誦論文的內容，結果造成答非所問(wèn)。

　　2.Give US a presentation of your thesis.有些學(xué)生一聽(tīng)到‘thesis’便詳細而又不理解地背誦其論文內容，在被打斷之后便不知該說(shuō)什么。其實(shí)，考官只是想知道你對論文的總體了解，讓你簡(jiǎn)單闡明自己論文的內容與觀(guān)點(diǎn)。

　　3.W hy do you choose such a theme?/

　　W hat do you want the reader get from your thesis? 對于這個(gè)問(wèn)題，你可以談?wù)勀愕南埠�，你想要讀者從中得到什么。

　　4.W hat is the uniqueness of your point of view? 對于這個(gè)問(wèn)題，你可以談?wù)勀愕挠^(guān)點(diǎn)與他人不同之處及原因。這就要求你有相關(guān)知識。

　　之后便是針對你的論文的問(wèn)題了。下面以一篇論文為例來(lái)說(shuō)明考官從哪些方面來(lái)提問(wèn)。

　　ES

　　1.In your essay there is a sentence："With the development of economics，it is necessary for the

　　countries all over the world to communication with each other." Is there anything wrong with this sentence? Or "Another major difference in western countries，

　　There is related to the traditional culture and religious belief marriage is generally related to them." W hat is the meaning of this sentence?

　　考官問(wèn)這一問(wèn)題，是因為你的句子有明顯的語(yǔ)法錯誤。提醒你應該弄明白句子的基本語(yǔ)法，寫(xiě)論文時(shí)應該認真細致。如果是筆誤，你應該馬上發(fā)現此句中的錯誤之處。economics應是economy，to communication with each other 應是 to communicate with each other,另一個(gè)句子應該是

　　Another major diference in the western marriage is related to their traditional culture and religious belief

　　2.You say "I believe that after some years there will be no difference in nation, color of skin, culture and lan guage." Is it possible? Can people all over the world live in the same nation and have the sanle color of skin，the same culture and lan guage? 這一問(wèn)題是考查你頭腦是否清楚。全世界的人怎么能是同一膚色，講同一種語(yǔ)言呢?事實(shí)上，你沒(méi)能正確地表達你的意思。你要表達的意思應該是：

　　As there will be more communication and cultural exchanges between peoples all over the world，

　　people will understand each other better and there will be some changes in their culture and customs.

　　3.Do people in America throw rice to the newly wed couple at the wedding ceremony? Do you have any evidence? 提出這一問(wèn)題是考查你的相關(guān)知識。既然把它作為論文來(lái)研究，必然要了解很多相關(guān)的知識，而且一定有論據來(lái)支持你的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。為使論文有說(shuō)服力，寫(xiě)論文時(shí)應閱讀大量相關(guān)書(shū)籍。

　　4.Yo u have mentioned the Tradional Chinese Wedding.Does it only belong to Chinese minoriethnic group or to the general? 這一問(wèn)題是考查你在利用某種素材時(shí)是否認真思考過(guò)。你所描述的應該是中國普遍的婚俗而不是某一地區、某一少數民族的婚俗，因為中國有很多少數民族，而他們有著(zhù)自己很獨特的婚俗。

　　5.In your essay you described both the traditional and the modern wedding in English speaking countries, esp，

　　U.S.and Britain.Why not the modem wedding in China?

　　你的論文的目的應該是促進(jìn)全球文化交流，但你僅僅描述一種在中國少見(jiàn)的婚俗，卻大量描述了西方的傳統和現代的婚俗，這在結構上失衡，還會(huì )誤導讀者，不僅起不到全球文化交流的作用，還會(huì )使人們對中國文化產(chǎn)生誤解。這里只是就一篇論文為例，來(lái)直觀(guān)地說(shuō)明在寫(xiě)論文和答辯時(shí)應該注意的事項，大家可以舉一反三。

　　總之，要通過(guò)論文答辯，應注意：

　　1.在平時(shí)的學(xué)習過(guò)程中必須注意提高自己的聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力。

　　2.答辯前應做好充分的準備，最重要的是熟悉論文的內容及自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。這一點(diǎn)十分重要，如果不熟悉論文的內容及自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，答辯時(shí)很難自圓其說(shuō)。 3.要有自信心。當然，自信來(lái)自事先的充分準備。

　　首先，你應該把你論文中涉及到的概念都弄清楚，它們的定義是什么，應該能用英語(yǔ)做簡(jiǎn)單的講解。比如，禮貌準則 ， 這就是一個(gè)概念，老師可能會(huì )問(wèn)，“什么是禮貌準則?”“禮貌準則起什么作用?”等;在這個(gè)基礎上，把這些概念相聯(lián)系的方面也準備一下： 比如，禮貌準則與日常交流、禮貌準則與英語(yǔ)教學(xué)等。

　　老師問(wèn)的問(wèn)題也是基于你的論文中探討的東西，你只要對所討論的題目清楚明了，把這些變成自己的話(huà)用自然流暢的英語(yǔ)表達出來(lái)，應該是沒(méi)有問(wèn)題的。有時(shí)候，老師可能提一些這樣的問(wèn)題，比如，“Where do you find this quotation?”"Do you agree with it? and why?"

　　在回答這類(lèi)問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，不能只給出一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的信息，要展開(kāi)一下。例如， I cited this from Dr. Samovar and Porter, from their book "Communication between Cultures", in a chapter in which they discuss the possibilities that cause communication breakdown.I find it supportive to my arguments here.

　　開(kāi)場(chǎng)白里面簡(jiǎn)單地介紹自己的研究和論文的主題，為什么選擇這個(gè)項目。簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)幾句研究過(guò)程和方法。這里一定要給出一個(gè)Roadmap, 也就是說(shuō)明你的論文有幾部分，每一部分里面都探討的什么問(wèn)題。這一點(diǎn)很重要。

　　對于自己不清楚的問(wèn)題，可以看看老師的問(wèn)題和你的研究是不是有focus 上的差異，這樣你可以強調一下這種差異，因不是你的研究重點(diǎn)，你沒(méi)有過(guò)多在意。不會(huì )就是不會(huì )，可以讓老師來(lái)回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

　　注意答辯過(guò)程中和老師的目光交流�；卮饐�(wèn)題時(shí)要看著(zhù)他們的眼睛，聲音要洪亮，這樣才能表達出你的自信。

　　首先，你應該把你論文中涉及到的概念都弄清楚，它們的定義是什么，應該能用英語(yǔ)做簡(jiǎn)單的講解。比如，禮貌準則 ， 這就是一個(gè)概念，老師可能會(huì )問(wèn)，“什么是禮貌準則?”“禮貌準則起什么作用?”等;在這個(gè)基礎上，把這些概念相聯(lián)系的方面也準備一下： 比如，禮貌準則與日常交流、禮貌準則與英語(yǔ)教學(xué)等。

　　老師問(wèn)的問(wèn)題也是基于你的論文中探討的東西，你只要對所討論的題目清楚明了，把這些變成自己的話(huà)用自然流暢的英語(yǔ)表達出來(lái)，應該是沒(méi)有問(wèn)題的。有時(shí)候，老師可能提一些這樣的問(wèn)題，比如，“Where do you find this quotation?”"Do you agree with it? and why?"

　　在回答這類(lèi)問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，不能只給出一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的信息，要展開(kāi)一下。例如， I cited this from Dr. Samovar and Porter, from their book "Communication between Cultures", in a chapter in which they discuss the possibilities that cause communication breakdown.I find it supportive to my arguments here.

　　開(kāi)場(chǎng)白里面簡(jiǎn)單地介紹自己的研究和論文的主題，為什么選擇這個(gè)項目。簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)幾句研究過(guò)程和方法。這里一定要給出一個(gè)Roadmap, 也就是說(shuō)明你的論文有幾部分，每一部分里面都探討的什么問(wèn)題。這一點(diǎn)很重要。

　　對于自己不清楚的問(wèn)題，可以看看老師的問(wèn)題和你的研究是不是有focus 上的差異，這樣你可以強調一下這種差異，因不是你的研究重點(diǎn)，你沒(méi)有過(guò)多在意。不會(huì )就是不會(huì )，可以讓老師來(lái)回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

　　注意答辯過(guò)程中和老師的目光交流�；卮饐�(wèn)題時(shí)要看著(zhù)他們的眼睛，聲音要洪亮，這樣才能表達出你的自信。

【英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)論文答辯陳述及技巧】相關(guān)文章：

英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)論文答辯技巧12-04

英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)本科論文答辯技巧03-03

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)畢業(yè)論文答辯技巧11-22

英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)論文答辯陳述以及答辯技巧03-11

論文答辯的技巧12-04

英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)本科畢業(yè)論文答辯流程及技巧03-05

論文答辯開(kāi)場(chǎng)白攻略自述及問(wèn)題11-17

論文答辯開(kāi)場(chǎng)白自述及問(wèn)題攻略03-20

論文答辯對策與技巧12-09