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雅思閱讀根據特殊符號猜詞的方法

時(shí)間:2024-11-01 02:36:03 雅思(IELTS) 我要投稿
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雅思閱讀根據特殊符號猜詞的方法

  導語(yǔ):在閱讀考試中我們經(jīng)常會(huì )遇到陌生詞匯,很多同學(xué)都會(huì )利用上下文進(jìn)行猜測,但殊不知我們還可以從標點(diǎn)符號推斷出正確答案。如果能有效地掌握這種方法,勢必能讓考生在考試中減輕壓力。

雅思閱讀根據特殊符號猜詞的方法

  1、破折號

  (1)雙破折號

  雙破折號在文章中經(jīng)常出現,它用來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明第一個(gè)破折號前面的信息,當這個(gè)信息是以生詞的形式表現出來(lái)的話(huà),有了破折號也就不難理解了。再者,雙破折號的信息去掉,也不會(huì )影響句子的`整體意思。

 、 Sometimes it is slow: vast bubbles of magma—molten rock from the mantle—inch towards the surface, cooling slowly… . (C4T3P2)

  解析:“molten rock from the mantle”用來(lái)解釋“vast bubbles of magma”,即“地殼中的熔巖”。

 、 For the so-called power events—that require a relatively brief, explosive release of energy, like the 100-metre sprint and the long jump—times and distances have improved ten to twenty percent. (C4T4P1)

  解析:“that require a relatively brief, explosive release of energy, like the 100-metre sprint and the long jump”用來(lái)解釋“power events”,即“力量型賽事”。

  (2)單破折號

  單破折是用來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明其前面的信息的。

 、 Half of the world’s 6800 languages are likely to vanish within two generations—that’s one language lost every ten days. (C4T2P1)

  解析:“that’s one language lost every ten days”用來(lái)解釋vanish,表示的是lost,兩者意思相同。

 、 …you can see the rough outlines of what are called tectonic plates—the plates which make up the earth’s crust and mantle. (C4T3P2)

  解析:“the plates which make up the earth’s crust and mantle”用來(lái)解釋“tectonic plates”,即組成地球地殼的板塊。

 、 Whereas most exercises are designed to build up strength or endurance, plyometrics focuses on increasing power—the rate at which an athlete can expend energy. (C4T4P1)

  解析:“the rate at which an athlete can expend energy”用來(lái)解釋“increasing power”,即“運動(dòng)員釋放能量的速度”。

  2、插入語(yǔ)的雙逗號

  句子中經(jīng)常會(huì )出現插入語(yǔ),即前后用逗號與整個(gè)句子結構分開(kāi)的短語(yǔ),句子結構,這個(gè)成份如果是做同位語(yǔ)成分的名詞短語(yǔ)或者非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,通常是用來(lái)解釋第一個(gè)逗號前面的`信息的。

  Passive smoking, the breathing in of the side-stream smoke from the burning of tobacco between puffs or of the smoke exhaled by a smoker, also causes a serious health risk. (C3T1P2)

  解析:如果學(xué)員不認識“passive smoking”,逗號后有解釋?zhuān)?ldquo;吸入抽煙者吞吐煙草燃燒的煙霧”。

  3、括號

  句子中出現的雙括號與雙逗號和雙破折號的'功能是一樣的,括號內容用來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明左半括號前面的名詞短語(yǔ),不影響整個(gè)句子的結構。

  (1)Some plastics are derived from natural sources, some are semi-synthetic (the result of chemical action on a natural substances). (C5T2P1)

  解析:“semi-synthetic”即指(半合成品=天然物質(zhì)發(fā)生化學(xué)反應的產(chǎn)物)。

  (2)…, in which phenol and formaldehyde (from wood or coal) were initially combined under vacuum inside a large egg-shaped kettle. (C5T2P1)

  解析:“phenol and formaldehyde”即指(苯酚和甲醛,源自木頭和煤炭)。

  (3)…and hexa, a compound of ammonia and formaldehyde which supplied the additional formaldehyde necessary to form a thermosetting resin. (C5T2P1)

  解析:“hexa”即指(氨與甲醛的合成物)。

  4、冒號

  冒號在英語(yǔ)句子中也是起到解釋說(shuō)明冒號前面信息的作用。

  Typically, children do not end up on the streets due to a single reason, but to a combination of factors: a dearth of adequately funded schools, the demand for income at home, family breakdown and violence. (C4T3P1)

  解析:根據前后之間的并列關(guān)系,可以推測dearth是名詞,且是貶義,相當于lack、shortage、inadequacy、deficiency。

  5、分號

  分號用來(lái)連接前后兩個(gè)句子,相當于適當的“逗號+并列練習and,but或or+句子”。詞匯猜測時(shí),利用的'是分號前后兩個(gè)句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系是列舉、轉折還是選擇。

  Some corpora attempt to cover the language as a whole, taking extracts from many kinds of text; others are extremely selective, providing a collection of material that deals with only a particular linguistic feature. (C4T3P3)

  解析:根據前后之間的語(yǔ)境,判斷出“extremely selective”即指“不全面的,只是包含一部分的”。

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