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第二冊新概念英語(yǔ)課后練習及語(yǔ)法的總結
第二冊新概念英語(yǔ)課后練習及語(yǔ)法的總結
I.單數主語(yǔ)：
1.當 every-, some-, any-, no- 等構成的不定代詞及 each, either, neither 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數。 Someone has told me about it.
Neither of us likes the film.
2.當 every 或 each 位于兩個(gè)由連接詞連接的單數主語(yǔ)前，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數。(必記之要點(diǎn)!)
Each girl and boy has a nickname.
Every man and woman is welcome.
3.位于主謂之間的介詞短語(yǔ)不影響謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須和主語(yǔ)一致。常見(jiàn)介詞短語(yǔ)有：in addition to, together with, as well as, along with, but, except, etc.
(這是一幾乎所有考試都不愿放過(guò)的重點(diǎn)。)
The teacher along with his students is going to the party.
His parents as well as his elder sister have come to see him.
II.復數主語(yǔ)：
1.當主語(yǔ)由 and 或 both ... and 連接，通常采用復數謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
● Both thegirl and the boyare his friends.
2.如主語(yǔ)是both, few或主語(yǔ)前有both, few, several, many 等限定詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用復數。
● Several novels have been written by her.
● Both got the news at the same time.
下列名詞總是復數形式且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復數。
trousers, pants(褲子)，jeans, glasses, scissors(剪刀)，tweezers(鑷子)，plier(鉗子)，
scales (天平)，compasses(圓規)，etc.
● The trousers hereare mine.
別忘了：如果以上名詞受 “a pair of” “the pair of”修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數。
The pair of pants is too dirty.
III.單、復數的靈活運用：
1.當主語(yǔ)由 neither... nor, either... or, not only ... but also 或 or 連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與nor, or, but also后面的詞一致，在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中，這被稱(chēng)之為“就近原則”。
● Neither he nor I am going to the airport.
● Not only Mary but also her parents have gone abroad.
2.當主語(yǔ)前面有 none, all, some, any, most, half, majority等詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則根據主語(yǔ)的具體情況而采用相應的單、復數。
All of the money has been in the bank. (money 是不可數名詞)
All of us have been here.
3.“a number of”是復數，修飾可數名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復數，“the number of”也修飾復數名詞，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數。(黃金要點(diǎn)!!)
● A number of students have passed the exam.
● The number of students in this class is 50.
IV. 用作單數的復數形式主語(yǔ)：
1.如主語(yǔ)是指：time, money, weight, volume, etc. 雖為復數形式，但謂語(yǔ)用單數形式。
Two years is a short time.
One hundred dollars is needed by me.
2.下列單詞如：physics，economics，mathematics，statistics，etc;measles，mumps，herpes，etc，news，ethics，politics，etc. 為復數形式，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數。
Statistics is a dull subject.
Politics is important.
3.書(shū)、報、雜志、電影的名稱(chēng)作主語(yǔ)，謂動(dòng)用作單數。
The New York Times is a good newspaper.
V.下列名詞在形式上保持不變，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數取決于其意義：
1.family，team，class，committee，group，audience，faculty，etc.
The family is big.(總體)
His family like to watch TV.(家庭所有成員)
2.species，series，etc.
The species is rare.
These species are common.
3.sheep，deer，etc.
The sheep are eating grass.
The sheep is big.
VI. Chinese, English, French, etc 指語(yǔ)言時(shí)，謂動(dòng)是單數，如與 "the" 搭配，指人民時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復數。
English is used widely.
The English love peace.
VII. 注意下列外來(lái)語(yǔ)的單復數形：
單數
basis
crisis
criterion(標準)
phenomenon
radius(半徑)
alumnus(男校友)
datum(資料)
medium(媒體)
index(索引)
appendix(附錄)
alga(海藻)
vita(生命)
復數
bases
crises
criteria
phenomena
radii
alumni
data
media
indices
appendices
algae
vitae
練習：
1. Students today are writing ________ of poetry.
A. a great many lines B. quantities of lines C. lots lines D. a large number
2. Thebookstore had not ordered ________ texts for all the students in the course.
A. plenty of B. enough
C. as many D. enough of
3. — What did you see? — We saw ________ police there.
A. many B. much C. little D. the
4. — Do you want to wait? — Two weeks ________ too long for me to wait.
A. is B. are C. were D. was
5. There they were greeted by a woman called Zenobia, ________.
A. being a beautiful woman of wealth and position
B. who is beautiful woman of wealth and position
C. a beautiful woman of wealth and position
D. and a beautiful woman of wealth and position
答案：1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C
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