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小升初必備語(yǔ)法：many and much
小升初必備語(yǔ)法：many,much
Many，much都意為"許多"， many + 可數名詞，much + 不可數名詞。
How many people are there at the meeting?
How much time has we left?
Many of the workers were at the meeting.
Much of the time was spent on learning.
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法經(jīng)典例題：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
【導語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全，希望對同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。
1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.
A. enter B. to enter
C. entering D. entered
【陷阱】容易誤選A。有的同學(xué)一看到空格前的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 could 就斷定此處應填動(dòng)詞原形 enter。
【分析】其實(shí)正確答案應是B。此句為省略句，即在 could 后省略了動(dòng)詞 do，若把句子補完整應為Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短語(yǔ)(to enter a good college)是用作目的狀語(yǔ)的，而不是與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(could)一起構成謂語(yǔ)。請再看類(lèi)似例句：
(1) They did what they could to comfort her. 他們盡量安慰她。
(2) They did everything they could to save her life. 他們盡一切力量拯救她的性命。
(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命學(xué)習以便趕上他的同學(xué)。
值得指出的是，這也并不是說(shuō)今后只要遇到類(lèi)似結構的題就一定選帶to不定式。請看以下試題：
(4) He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.
A. to hope B. hope
C. hoping D. hoped
此題的答案是 C不是A，其中的現在分詞短語(yǔ) hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。
(5) He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English.
A. practise B. to practise
C. practising D. practised
此題答案選 C，這與前面動(dòng)詞 spent 的搭配有關(guān)，即 spend … (in) doing sth。若將此句補充完整，即為 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.
(6) Before going abroad he devoted all he could ____D____ his oral English.
A. improve B. to improve
C. improving D. to improving
此題答案選D，注意兩點(diǎn)：一是 devote … to … 是固定搭配，意為“把……貢獻給……”;二是其中的 to 是介詞，不是不定式符號，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞。
2. He knows nothing about it, so he can’t help _______ any of your work.
A. doing B. to do
C. being doing D. to be done
【陷阱】容易誤選B，根據 can’t help doing sth 這一結構推出。
【分析】其實(shí)答案應選A。比較以下結構：
can’t help to do sth = 不能幫助做某事
can’t help doing sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事
又如下面一題，答案也是 B：
She can’t help ____ the house because she’s busy making a cake.
A cleaning B. to clean
C. cleaned D. being cleaned
再請看以下試題：
While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____ into buying something they don’t really need.
A. to persuade B. persuading
C. being persuaded D. be persuaded
此題應選C，句中的 can’t help 意為“禁不住”(注意根據句意用被動(dòng)形式)。
3. All her time _______ experiments, she has no time for films.
A. devoted to do B. devoted to doing
C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】此題最佳答案為B�，F分析如下：
(1) devote 意為“致力于，獻身于”，主要用 devote…to…或be devoted to，其中的to 是介詞，不是不定式符號，故后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，不用不定式。
(2) 選A錯誤：若將 do 改為 doing 則可以。
(3) 選B正確：all her time devoted to doing experiments為獨立主格結構，用作狀語(yǔ)。
(4) 選C錯誤：因為all her time 與 devote 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應將devoting改為devoted。
(5) 選D錯誤：若單獨看 All her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并沒(méi)有錯，但問(wèn)題是逗號前后兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句沒(méi)有必要的連接方式，所以從整體上看仍不對，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，則可選D，或將D將中的is 改為 being也可選它。
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法經(jīng)典例題800例：虛擬語(yǔ)氣（例題）
【導語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全，希望對同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。
1. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now.
A. will show B. would show
C. am going to show D. am showing
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】正確答案選B。根據上文的語(yǔ)境可知句中的 or 隱含有一個(gè)虛擬的條件，即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article(要是我沒(méi)忘記我在哪兒讀過(guò)這篇文章的話(huà)——但事實(shí)上忘了)。
2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _____.”
A. He’d better give up drinking
B. He shouldn’t have drunk so much
C. Health is more important than drink
D. I wonder why he is always doing so
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項均有可能誤選，主要是受句中 drunk 一詞的影響。
【分析】最佳答案為D。關(guān)鍵信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，句子既然用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，也就是說(shuō)，“他喝醉了”不是事實(shí)，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此題的最佳答案是D。
3. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a fever.”
A. do B. are
C. will D. would
【陷阱】容易誤選A或C。選A者，認為前后兩句的動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)應一致;選C者，認為其后帶有if 條件狀語(yǔ)從句，從語(yǔ)氣上看，主句應用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。
【分析】此題最佳答案為D。分析如下：
(1) “so + 助動(dòng)詞 + 主語(yǔ)”是一個(gè)很有用的結構，它表示“……也一樣”時(shí)。如：
He likes to watch TV, and so do I. 他喜歡看電視，我也一樣。
When animals and plants disappear, so will man. 當動(dòng)植物消失的時(shí)候，人類(lèi)也會(huì )隨之消失。
(2) 由于空格后的 if 條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣(這是很重要的信息)，所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案應選D。
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法經(jīng)典例題800例：強調句（例題）
【導語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全，希望對同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習有所幫助。更多內容盡在。
1. ____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
A. It was we being late B. It was our being late
C. It was we were too late D. It was because we were late
【陷阱】此題容易誤選D，認為強調的是原因狀語(yǔ)從句 because we were late。
【分析】但實(shí)際上，此題的答案為B，強調的是句子主語(yǔ) our being late，此題若還原成非強調句，即為：
Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
注意，強調句的一個(gè)顯著(zhù)特點(diǎn)是，若去掉強調結構 it is [was]… that…，句子仍然成立;換句話(huà)說(shuō)，該結構中的 that 不能充當句子成分。
2. “How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”
A. it that B. he that
C. it when D. he which
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項均可能誤選。
【分析】答案選A，為強調句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式，其相應的陳述句形式為：
It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.
比較以下各題，它們也屬強調句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式：
(1) Who was it _____ saved the drowning girl?
A. since B. as C. that D. he
答案選C，被強調成分為 who，該句實(shí)為類(lèi)似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl. 這類(lèi)強調句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式(即對其中的Tom 提問(wèn)而得)。
(2) What is it _____ his daughter needs most?
A. what B. which C. that D. if
答案選C，被強調成分為 what，該句實(shí)為類(lèi)似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most. 這類(lèi)強調句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式(即對其中的a bike 提問(wèn)而得)。
3. _____ was very ______ that little Jim wrote the letter.
A. It, careful B. It, carefully
C. He, careful D. He, carefully
【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項均有可能誤選，但最有可能誤選的可能是A，認為這是一個(gè)普通的系表結構，即認為第二空要填形容詞作表語(yǔ)。
【分析】其實(shí)，此題是一個(gè)強調句，其非強調形式為 Little Jim wrote the letter very carefully. 若用 it is … that… 的強調句式強調其中的狀語(yǔ) very carefully 即為上面一題的題干，所以答案應選B。請看下面幾例，也屬強調結構：
(1) It was when she was about to go to bed ______ the telephone rang.
A. since B. as C. that D. then
答案選C，被強調成分為 when she was about to go to bed 這一時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
(2) It may have been at Christmas _____ John gave Mary a handbag.
A. before B. who C. that D. when
答案選C，被強調成分為 at Christmas，其中的動(dòng)詞 be 采用了 may have been 這一較為復雜的形式。
4. “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall ______ the students
often have a meeting.”
A. where B. which
C. that D. when
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