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英語(yǔ)四級聽(tīng)力長(cháng)對話(huà)答題策略
聽(tīng)力部分在四級考試中占著(zhù)35%的比例，讓很多考生為之擔驚受怕，小編整理了一些英語(yǔ)四級聽(tīng)力長(cháng)對話(huà)答題策略，希望對大家有所幫助！
一、聽(tīng)前預測
聽(tīng)前預測對于聽(tīng)力長(cháng)對話(huà)非常重要。放音間隔的時(shí)間應盡可能留作預測之用。若想有效使用這短短幾十秒的放音間隔時(shí)間，需把握以下兩個(gè)原則：
1. 先縱后橫
所謂“先縱”，就是首先通讀每篇后的3-4個(gè)小題，找出關(guān)鍵詞，前后聯(lián)系，預測全篇大致主題。
所謂“后橫”，就是在仍有時(shí)間的情況下，通看各題選項，看看是否存在生詞，總結長(cháng)句的核心意思，以此預測考點(diǎn)和可能的答案。
兩步預測都要注意隨時(shí)做出標注，劃出關(guān)鍵詞或簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)長(cháng)句的大意，因為單憑記憶在"高壓"的聽(tīng)力考試中是萬(wàn)萬(wàn)靠不住的。
以2007年12月Conversation Two為例：
23. A) She is thirsty for promotion.
B) She wants a much higher salary.
C) She is tired of her present work.
D) She wants to save travel expenses.
首先通過(guò)promotion, salary和work可得出本對話(huà)的大致主題是有關(guān)職業(yè)，再聯(lián)系兩次出現的wants,想到或許與求職有關(guān)，并順理成章地想到可能會(huì )談到離職的原因、新職位的性質(zhì)以及薪酬等等。這就是上面所說(shuō)的"先縱"。
此后我們可對選項中較長(cháng)的詞語(yǔ)做標注，如下劃線(xiàn)所示。通過(guò)聽(tīng)錄音我們發(fā)現本題答案的對應信息在原文中是"I'm fed up with my job.", 正是"tired of"的同義置換。這就是上面所說(shuō)的"后橫"。
可見(jiàn)，事先標注關(guān)鍵信息，可讓我們在聽(tīng)時(shí)將注意力集中到更小的"點(diǎn)",起到事半功倍的效果。
2. 分清主次
與生活中的情形相似，雙方對話(huà)的時(shí)候常有主次之分，如：一方詢(xún)問(wèn)，另一方作答時(shí)，關(guān)鍵信息多出現在作答一方，考點(diǎn)自然也就多出于此。分清對話(huà)雙方的主次對于我們預測考點(diǎn)出現的位置很重要，方法也簡(jiǎn)單易行。
以2006年12月Conversation Two為例：
22. A) It was about a little animal.
B) It took her six years to write.
C) It was adapted from a fairy tale.
D) It was about a little girl and her pet.
23. A) She knows how to write best-selling novels.
B) She can earn a lot of money by writing for adults.
C) She is able to win enough support from publishers.
D) She can make a living by doing what she likes.
24. A) The characters. B) The readers.C) Her ideas. D) Her life experiences.
25. A) She doesn't really know where they originated.
B) She mainly drew on stories of ancient saints.
C) They popped out of her child-hood dreams.
D) They grew out of her long hours of thinking.
通看下劃線(xiàn)部分不難發(fā)現，幾乎所有的選項都與女性會(huì )話(huà)者有關(guān),可料想此對話(huà)中男性會(huì )話(huà)者多提出問(wèn)題，女性多做答復，聽(tīng)時(shí)當然主要聽(tīng)女性會(huì )話(huà)者所說(shuō)的內容。
二、聽(tīng)時(shí)抓“點(diǎn)”
有了充分的聽(tīng)前預測，聽(tīng)時(shí)的主要任務(wù)就是抓住考點(diǎn)，且掌握如下兩個(gè)原則：
1. 考點(diǎn)均勻分布，易出現在話(huà)輪轉換處
首先，長(cháng)對話(huà)后設的3-4個(gè)小題一般均勻地分布在對話(huà)的每個(gè)回合，極少出現某一個(gè)回合包含兩個(gè)考點(diǎn)的情況。這樣，我們在一個(gè)對話(huà)回合中找到一個(gè)考點(diǎn)后，剩余的部分就可不做詳聽(tīng)，讓緊張的神經(jīng)稍做放松，有利于將精力集中于下面的考點(diǎn)。
其次，考點(diǎn)的位置多是話(huà)輪轉換的時(shí)候。具體的說(shuō)，就是對話(huà)一方某段發(fā)言的開(kāi)頭和結尾部分，這也完全符合西方人的思維習慣，即在發(fā)言伊始多是開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，而在發(fā)言結尾處又總括強調。
仍以2006年12月Conversation Two為例：
M: Hi, Miss Rowling, how old were you when you started to write? And what was your first book?
W: I wrote my first story when I was about six. It was about a small animal, a rabbit, I mean, and I've been writing ever since. (22題考點(diǎn))
M: Why did you choose to be an author?
W: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness, step one would be finding out what you love doing most and step two would be finding someone to pay you to do this. I consider myself very lucky indeed to be able to support myself by writing. (23題考點(diǎn))
M: Do you have any plans to write books for adults?
W: My first two novels were for adults. I suppose I might write another one, but I never really imagine a target audience when I'm writing. The ideas come first, so it really depends on the ideas that grasp me next. (24題考點(diǎn))
M: Where did the ideas for the Harry Potter books come from?
W: I've no idea where the ideas came from. And I hope I'll never find out. (25題考點(diǎn)) It would spoil my excitement if it turned out I just have a funny wrinkle on the surface of my brain, which makes me think about the invisible train platform.
2. 重復率較高的詞或短語(yǔ)多成為考點(diǎn)
對話(huà)的主要內容理所當然會(huì )得到說(shuō)話(huà)人的強調，而一個(gè)非常重要且明顯的強調方式就是重復，故重復的詞語(yǔ)往往能夠揭示對話(huà)的主題。
如問(wèn)：What is the news coverage mainly about?
而原文中多次出現rebel forces, conflict, war等與"叛亂"相關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)，也可判斷本題答案為A) The latest developments of an armed rebellion in Karnak.
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