職場(chǎng)潛規則：職場(chǎng)新人和老人的臨界點(diǎn)是什么k

　　Novices focus on positive feedback (“good job!”) because hearing they’re doing well helps them stay committed. Experts focus on negative feedback (“You’re doing that incorrectly”) because they’re interested in progress. As people go from novice to expert their focus shifts.職場(chǎng)新人關(guān)注于積極的反饋（“你做得真棒！”），因為當他們聽(tīng)說(shuō)自己做得不錯時(shí)能令他們感覺(jué)得到了認可。而職場(chǎng)老人則關(guān)注于消極的反饋（“你那樣做是不正確的”），因為他們對進(jìn)步更感興趣。當一個(gè)人從新手成長(cháng)為老手的時(shí)候，他的關(guān)注點(diǎn)會(huì )發(fā)生改變。

　　A large proportion of marketing communication concerns feedback to consumers. This article explores what feedback people seek and respond to. We predict and find a shift from positive to negative feedback as people gain expertise. We document this shift in a variety of domains including feedback on language acquisition, pursuit of environmental causes, and use of consumer products. Across these domains, novices sought and responded to positive feedback, and experts sought and responded to negative feedback. We examine a motivational account for the shift in feedback: positive feedback increased novices’ commitment and negative feedback increased experts’ sense that they were making insufficient progress.大量的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)溝通都關(guān)注于消費者的反饋。本文將研究人們需要什么樣的反饋，并對反饋做出什么樣的反應。我們預測并發(fā)現了一種明顯的轉變，當人們獲得更多專(zhuān)業(yè)知識，他們就從希望得到積極反饋變?yōu)榱讼Ｍ�得到消極反饋。我們在不同領(lǐng)域包括語(yǔ)言習得、環(huán)境因素、消費品使用等的研究都證明了這一點(diǎn)。在這些領(lǐng)域，新手尋求并對積極的反饋作出回應，而老手則更多地尋求并回應于消極的反饋。我們測驗了這些反饋的激勵效果：積極的反饋增加了新手的情感認同而消極的反饋則增加了老手對于自己進(jìn)步程度不夠的認識。

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