高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力技巧
英語(yǔ)的聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)四項基本技能,聽(tīng)力首當其沖,在高考英語(yǔ)試卷中“首發(fā)”出場(chǎng),地位可謂炙手可熱。為了幫助大家備考,小編分享了一些高考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力技巧,歡迎閱讀!
一、果斷選題,學(xué)會(huì )放棄
相信第一感覺(jué),當機立斷,決不能反反復復,甚至影響后面的答題,切記不可因某個(gè)小題未聽(tīng)懂而患得患失,不可因一題失多題,造成一步跟不上,步步皆踏空的結果。
二、學(xué)會(huì )預測
預測是在做聽(tīng)力理解之前根據各種暗示,如所給答案選項,段落或對話(huà)標題等已有知識,對即將聽(tīng)到的段落或對話(huà)內容進(jìn)行預測。
1. 從答案選項中預測:
Q: What does Tom do?
A. He’s a truck driver. B. He’s a ship captain. C. He’s a pilot.
錄音原文: W: Tom flew to Anchorage last night, then took some passengers from there to Dallas . M: Yeah, but he couldn't land because the airport in Dallas was snowed in. 從選項看,問(wèn)題應是關(guān)于職業(yè)方面的,再從flew, passengers, airport這些信息詞中可知道Tom的職業(yè)。
2. 從說(shuō)話(huà)人口氣預測:
在A(yíng),B兩人的對話(huà)中,如果B是附和或贊成,往往說(shuō)“Yes”,“I agree”,“Sure”,“I think so”等。但如A用否定句,B表同意時(shí)則用“No”,“Neither / Nor?”等。
例如: A: Harvey doesn't seem to fit into this class. B: No, he is really a fish out of water.
三、做簡(jiǎn)要筆記
聽(tīng)錄音時(shí)快速,準確,簡(jiǎn)要地記下有關(guān)信息(包括數字,人名,地名,關(guān)鍵詞),前提是不要影響跟聽(tīng)速度,采用自己習慣的符號。
例:How much will the man pay for the tickets?
A.$18 B. $24 C. $30
原文:W: Tickets for the movie are $ 6 for adults, half price for children. M: All right, I’d like three tickets for adults and two tickets for children, please. 筆記可簡(jiǎn)化為:$ 6 A(A代表adult),C代表children,3A+2C或6 A(3)+ half C(2)
四、聽(tīng)清數據,簡(jiǎn)要記錄,加以運算。
在獲取時(shí)間信息時(shí),不要誤把會(huì )話(huà)中提到的時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)單確定為問(wèn)題的答案。高考聽(tīng)力考查時(shí)間時(shí)往往要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的時(shí)間換算。
At what time does the train to Leeds leave?
A. 3:00 B. 3:15 C. 5:00
錄音原文: W: Excuse me, could you tell me when the next train to Manchester is? M: Sure. Well, it's 3 now. The next train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours, but you can take the train to Leeds which leaves in 15 minutes, and then get off at Manchester on the way. 對話(huà)中提到了三個(gè)時(shí)間It's 3 now, in 2 hours,in 15 minutes.
現在是3點(diǎn),開(kāi)往Manchester的火車(chē)要兩小時(shí)后才開(kāi),即The train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours。若簡(jiǎn)單機械地把3點(diǎn)和2點(diǎn)相加,會(huì )得出火車(chē)5點(diǎn)才開(kāi)的錯誤選項C。
數字類(lèi)問(wèn)題分辨別類(lèi)和計算類(lèi)兩種:
1. 要注意區分-teen和-ty及four和five的發(fā)音;辨別多位數,如電話(huà)號碼,門(mén)牌等
2. 計算時(shí)間,錢(qián)款,距離,年齡,人或物的數量等;聽(tīng)出數字間的關(guān)系,更要聽(tīng)清問(wèn)題,因為對運算方法的要求通常寓于問(wèn)題中;注意more, less, as much(many)as, another, double, a couple of; to, past, quarter; 記住時(shí)間是60進(jìn)制 如出現幾個(gè)數字,應注意鑒別問(wèn)的是那一個(gè)。
例:At what time does the office open?
A. At 8:15 B. At 8:30 C. At 7:45
從常識判斷,辦公時(shí)間往往以整點(diǎn)開(kāi)始,而不會(huì )在幾點(diǎn)幾分。
聽(tīng)力原文:M: I wonder why the office is still not open. W: But it's not yet eight. In fact, it's only a quarter to eight.
五、抓住關(guān)鍵詞,對癥下藥
聽(tīng)力考試常出現以Where提問(wèn)的問(wèn)句,考生要通過(guò)對話(huà)的具體情節和背景判斷對話(huà)發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō),特定場(chǎng)景的用語(yǔ)和關(guān)鍵詞是基本固定的,考生要對此多了解,熟悉明白。在遇到Where does the conversation take place?/ Where does sb. work? What’s his job?之類(lèi)的問(wèn)題時(shí),就會(huì )派上用場(chǎng)。
如: restaurant: menu, bill, order, tip, hamburger, beer, soup hotel: luggage, single room, double room, room number, check in(out) hospital: take medicine, temperature, pill, headache, fever, examine post office: mail, deliver, stamp, envelope, parcel airport: flight, take off, land, luggage railway station :round trip, single trip, sleeping car store: on sale, size, wear, color, style, price, change,bargain, fit school: professor, exam, course, term, dining hall, playground library: librarian, renew, date, shelf, magazine, seat 對于前五道簡(jiǎn)短對話(huà),要根據問(wèn)題的類(lèi)型,從第二個(gè)講話(huà)者的答語(yǔ)中來(lái)捕捉關(guān)鍵詞
如:What’s the man going to do?
A. Run to the airport. B. Wait for another bus. C. Hurry to get the next bus.
根據選項看,對話(huà)似乎與bus有關(guān),主要信息捕捉范圍是在“Hurry”或“Run”和“Wait”之間。聽(tīng)音范圍明顯縮小。
原文M: Excuse me, can you tell me when the next bus leaves for the airport? W: It leaves in three minutes. If you run, you might catch it. 關(guān)鍵詞“run”和“catch”正好對上答案C的“Hurry”和“get”。
六、較長(cháng)對話(huà)和短文的理解
抓聽(tīng)首句和首段有助于整體理解文章;結尾部分所給出的信息不一定是題目的正確答案,可能只是一個(gè)陷阱;推理思路要正確;語(yǔ)境中抓要點(diǎn)。 獨白部分(即第十段材料)可分為四種類(lèi)型: *人物與故事型:敘述人物的經(jīng)歷和成就,要抓住故事發(fā)展線(xiàn)索,所問(wèn)問(wèn)題多屬事實(shí)細節題 *普通知識型:內容涉及面較廣,問(wèn)題以事實(shí)細節題居多 *社會(huì )科學(xué)型:涉及到文化教育,社會(huì )治安,代溝問(wèn)題,就業(yè)問(wèn)題,婦女問(wèn)題,人口問(wèn)題,環(huán)境保護,國家發(fā)展等。問(wèn)題常涉及獨白的主題或題目,故需作推理判斷。 *科普知識型:主要涉及自然科學(xué),如生物,物理,海洋,計算機,醫學(xué),氣象,科學(xué)發(fā)明等。如遇專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯和術(shù)語(yǔ),可利用語(yǔ)境線(xiàn)索猜詞義。
總之,只要掌握基本的聽(tīng)力技巧和方法、排除一切干擾,全身心地投入語(yǔ)境、持之以恒地堅持高考全真模擬聽(tīng)力訓練,高考中定能取得理想的成績(jì)。
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