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2016年中考英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達的解題策略
書(shū)面表達主要考查學(xué)生用文字表達思想感情，進(jìn)行交流的能力。其題型多樣，題材廣泛。下面YJBYS小編為大家搜索整理了關(guān)于中考英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達的解題策略，歡迎參考借鑒，希望對大家備考有所幫助!想了解更多相關(guān)信息請持續關(guān)注我們應屆畢業(yè)生培訓網(wǎng)!
近年來(lái)常采用話(huà)題作文的形式，包括提示作文和應用兩大類(lèi)�？疾樾问蕉喾N多樣，根據題型可分為:
1.提示作文(提示作文又稱(chēng)材料作文，包括中英文提示、關(guān)鍵詞提示、要點(diǎn)提示等，有時(shí)給出一個(gè)標題，有時(shí)無(wú)標題，只規定一定的詞數，讓學(xué)生自行發(fā)揮);，
2.話(huà)題作文(話(huà)題作文，就是用一段提示語(yǔ)，限定寫(xiě)作范圍、啟發(fā)思考的一種命題形式。它一般由材料、提示語(yǔ)、話(huà)題、要求組成);
3.圖表作文(圖表作文一般是在表格中給出一定的內容和情景，要求寫(xiě)一篇60一80詞的短文);
4.看圖作文(看圖作文要求學(xué)生根據圖畫(huà)，合理聯(lián)想，將其內容正確表達出來(lái)。寫(xiě)作時(shí)要注意圖畫(huà)中的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、環(huán)境等)。根據體裁形式可分為:記敘文，應用文，說(shuō)明文，議論文等。
一、記敘文
【文體特征】
記敘文是以敘述和描寫(xiě)為主要表達方式，以寫(xiě)人、記小、狀物、繪景為主要內容的文體。它又分為寫(xiě)人類(lèi)記敘文和敘事類(lèi)記敘文。寫(xiě)人類(lèi)記敘文:通過(guò)刻畫(huà)人物性格，塑造人物形象，
反映生活，表現主題。敘事類(lèi)記敘文:通過(guò)敘述事件的起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結果表現主題。
在記敘文中，記和敘都離不開(kāi)動(dòng)詞。所以動(dòng)詞現率最高，且富于變化。記敘文中用得最多的是動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，這是英語(yǔ)記敘文區別于漢語(yǔ)記敘文的關(guān)鍵所在。英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的優(yōu)美之處就在于這些動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的變化。因此，多用動(dòng)詞，特別是動(dòng)態(tài)強的行為動(dòng)詞是英語(yǔ)記敘文的又一個(gè)明顯的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)。
【寫(xiě)作指導】
敘事類(lèi)記敘文主要是敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，因此敘事類(lèi)記敘文以一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主，各種時(shí)態(tài)為輔，合理使用豐富多彩的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)敘事類(lèi)記敘文的首要語(yǔ)言特征。寫(xiě)人類(lèi)記敘文如果是對人的性格、外貌等敘述常用一般現在時(shí)，如果通過(guò)事件來(lái)刻畫(huà)人物的性格，那么就要用過(guò)去時(shí)。寫(xiě)好記敘文要注意以下幾點(diǎn):
1.頭緒分明，脈絡(luò )清楚
寫(xiě)好記敘文，首先要頭緒分明，脈絡(luò )清楚，明確文章要求寫(xiě)什么。要對所寫(xiě)的事件或人物進(jìn)行分析，弄清事件發(fā)生、發(fā)展一直到結束的整個(gè)過(guò)程，然后再收集選取素材。這些素材都要圍繞五個(gè)“W”和一個(gè)“H”來(lái)展開(kāi)，分別是why, what, when, where, who及how。
2.突出中心，詳略得當
在文章的框架確定后，對支持故事的素材的選取是很關(guān)鍵的。選材要注意取舍，應該從表現文章主題的需要出發(fā)，分清主次，定好詳略。詳寫(xiě)細述那些能表現文章主題的重要情節，略寫(xiě)粗述那些非關(guān)鍵的次要情節。面面俱到反而會(huì )使情節羅列化，使人不得要領(lǐng)。這一點(diǎn)是寫(xiě)好記敘文要解決的一個(gè)基本問(wèn)題，也需要一定的技巧。
3.用活語(yǔ)言，準確生動(dòng)
記敘文要用具體的事件和生動(dòng)的語(yǔ)言對人、事、物加以敘述。一篇好的記敘文的語(yǔ)言既要準確、生動(dòng)，又要表現力強，這樣才能把人、事描寫(xiě)得具體生動(dòng)，其可讀性才強。
【寫(xiě)作模板】1.寫(xiě)人記敘文
(所寫(xiě)人的名字)is a_________ (身份).He/Sheis_________ (數字)years old. He/She is from_________ (地點(diǎn))，and he/she is(性格和外貌). He/She has many hobbies and interests. He/She is good at ________ (擅長(cháng))__________ (科目、運動(dòng)等，如果是動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞要
用ing形式).He/She is kind and friendly. He/Shealways helps others in need. Everyone likes to makefriends with him/her.
【中考真題】(河南中考)
每個(gè)人都是獨一無(wú)二的，都有與眾不同之處，人們喜歡你一定會(huì )有很多原因。請以“What makes me agood friend?”為題寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文。
要求:1.語(yǔ)言表達準確，短文連貫通順;
2.文中不得出現真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng);
3. 80詞左右
【滿(mǎn)分作文】
What makes me a good friend?
I am a boy easy to get along with. I never get angryeasily. That's the most importantreason that makesme so popular.
I am always ready to help others.Whenever my friends meet with troubles, I will give them a hand without even a moment's thought.
Besides,I'm quite humorous. I can always tell some jokes or funnystories to make my friends laugh. They say time spentwith me is full of fun.
l'm honest. I never tell lies. So I'ma friend worthtrusting.
【范文點(diǎn)評】
本文是一篇寫(xiě)人的記敘文，文章主要講述“我”的一些優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文結構嚴謹，句子流暢，意思表達清楚。
【寫(xiě)作模板】2.寫(xiě)事記敘文
The__________ (事件)happened____________ (時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)), and I still remember the______ (事件).At that time, I was_________ (動(dòng)詞+ ing:做的事情).It was a sunny day and things were awfully_________ (形容詞)before it happened. Then__________ (事件)drewmy attention. I saw________ (詳細說(shuō)明事件), and to my__________ (表達感受的名詞)，_______ (當事人) was _________ (正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作). It did not last very long, but it impressed me so deeply that I would___________ (自己的感受).Whenever I look back on whathappened that day, I think it is right to_______ (理應采取的措施或態(tài)度一).What's more, it is important for us to________ (理應采取的措施或態(tài)度二).
【中考真題】(黃岡中考)
你準備參加學(xué)校“英語(yǔ)角“開(kāi)展的“用英語(yǔ)講故事活動(dòng)，你選取了“曹沖稱(chēng)象”這個(gè)大家熟悉的故事。
請你根據上圖內容用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇80詞以上的小短文。
注意:標題、開(kāi)頭和結尾已在答題紙上給出，不計字數。
How Cao Chong Had the Elephant Weighted
Cao Caowas very glad to have received an elephant as a present._____________________________________________ Can Chong said to his father with kind of pride.
【滿(mǎn)分作文】
How Can Chong Had the Elephant Weighed
Cao Cao was very glad to have received an elephantas a present. tic wanted to know how heavy the elephantwas, but there was noscale(砰)big enough to weighsuch a huge creature.One day，Cao Chong said to hisfather,"I've found a way to weigh the elephant.”
Can Chong asked a man to lead the elephant onto aboat. When the boat stopped sinking, the man draw aline along on the boat side. After the elephant was ledaway, Cao Chong had some men put stones into the boatuntil the water reached the line. Cao Chong asked themen to weigh each stone from the boat and put down thenumber. "Add up all the numbers and we will know theweight of the elephant. "Cao Chong said to his father withkind of pride.
【范文點(diǎn)評】
本文是一篇敘事的記敘文，以流暢的語(yǔ)言講述了一大家所熟知的故事，時(shí)態(tài)以一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主，符合敘事性記敘文的特征。
【寫(xiě)作模板】3.夾敘夾議記敘文
The____________ (事件)happened________(地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間).Isaw_________(詳細描述事件), and to my_______________ (表達感受的名詞), the(事情)has become __________ (形容詞). I am __________ (心理感受類(lèi)的形容詞)that_______ (事情的后續進(jìn)展). I think that__________ (自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)). If I/we do that, ______________ (名詞)will be better and better.
【中考真題】(矜西南州中考)
有一種節約叫光盤(pán)，有一種公益叫光盤(pán)!所謂光盤(pán)，就是吃光你盤(pán)子中的食物，拒絕浪費，珍惜糧食!針對這項行動(dòng)，并根據以下提示，請你以“No WastingOn Food'，為題寫(xiě)一篇短文，號召大家參與這項活動(dòng)。
要點(diǎn)提示:
Reason :
1. a waste of food, money
2. pollute the environment
…….
Suggestion
1. eat up all your food /clear your plate
2. leftovers(剩飯菜)·…
3.orderless or smaller dishes
注意：1.短文必須包括所有內容要點(diǎn)，可適當發(fā)揮;
2.語(yǔ)句流暢，書(shū)寫(xiě)規范;
3. 詞數80-100詞;
4.文中不能出現真實(shí)人名、地名等信息。
5.開(kāi)頭已給出，不計人總詞數。
No Wasting On Food
Recently, many restaurants around our country havejoined the “Clearing Your Plate ”campaign(活動(dòng))against wasting food by offering smaller dishes.
__________________________________________________________________-
__________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.
【滿(mǎn)分作文】
NoWasting on Food
Recently, many restaurants in our country have joined ' Clearing Your Plate" campaign(活動(dòng))against wasting food by offering smaller dishes.
Many people around us also pay more attention tosaving food in their daily life. A number of people haverealized the importance of saving food. I believe it ismeaningful for us to take an active part in this activity. It is a waste of food and money if we order too much food but eat too little. And it's not easy for farmers to producethe food for us. There are still too many poor people in the poor area in China,they don't have enough food toeat. Meanwhile, the environment will be polluted by thewasted food. Also, eating too much is bad for our health. We should take action to support the campaign.
What should we do in our daily life to waste lessfood? First, we should eat up all the food in our dishesand plates. Second, we may order less or smaller dishes in the restaurant. Third, we can take the leftovers home and enjoy them later. In a word, l think it is our duty torefuse the waste of food
【范文點(diǎn)評】
本文開(kāi)始主要講述更多人加人光盤(pán)行動(dòng)，并列舉了節約粗食的好處，最后講述了我們該如何道免浪費。本文解釋充分，層次分明，語(yǔ)句流楊，有很強的說(shuō)服力。
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